On The Female Consciousness Of Zhang Ailing's Late Novels

In the year of 80's and 90's in 20 th century, scholars began to pay attention to the Female Consciousness in Eileen Chang's works.And they got fruitful results of research. Most scholars paid attention to the works of Shanghai period, and included characters, narrative methods of Eileen in the field of Female Consciousness.In the meantime,they used all kinds of female characters who was shaped by Eileen to show the embarrassing situation of women in old China and to present they was pressed by the Phallocentrism.When Eileen went to the U.S,her writing style from the original beautiful,desolate into plain and natural.Besides,her focus of writing on her own life.In the early year of 21 th,Chinese publishing industry began to press lots of works of Eileen's America period.And most of the works have a constant relationship with her personal life.Meanwhile,the Female Consciousness in Eileen's works were more intense and straightforward than her early works.And her way of narrative was different from the past.And from now on,the scholars is not yet fully completed academic and implementation on the field of the Female Consciousness about Eileen's later works. Therefore, this dissertation have some innovations on the point.This dissertation included 3 parts, which was introduction,the main body and the conclusion.Introduction included the definition of Eileen's later works and the definition of Female Consciousness.In the meantime,I presented the current research of her later works.And then I explained the meaning of this dissertation; Finally,the innovation points of the writings were indicated.The main body comprised three chapters. The first chapter were the representations about Female Consciousness in her later works.The next were the differences between her later work and her previous works on Female Consciousness.The last were the value and limitations of Female Consciousness of Eileen Chang. And then the following three chapters will be discussed in detail.The first chapter mainly discussed the Female Consciousnesses reflecting on her later works.This part was started from the traits of Eileen's personality, combining with skills of the expression on her later works,and beginning with the psychological level of women to find the Female Consciousnesses on her later works. The first section, "female self-pity consciousness",was started with the traits of women and clarified the Female Consciousnesses in the text.In this section,self-pity was presented by self-comforting and self-concern.The second section, "Women narcissistic consciousness." This section included the narcissism in body and the autonomy in the female fertility.The third section, "lust autonomy".The part use the author's idea towards love as well as sex which are open to express the female view which is different from the previous times.It is included unique sexual experiences towards women,the free idea towards sex,and lesbian writing.The last section, "female view of history".This section drew on the experience of the unique perspective on the author to explore the history view of women.It was included the alienation of main characters, anti-humanity center on the history and use daily life to present historical narrative performance.The second chapter combined with text analysis to clarify the difference between her later works and the early works in Female Consciousness. There are two main points. First,it is bold strokes, direct to clarify Feminism. By her novel,we can see the author to express distinctive position to analyze the unique Female Consciousness. The second, she molded female characters like Nora to show her Female Consciousness. It mainly explained her women view by a large number of advanced, open woman's writing.The third chapter discussed the causes of the late female consciousness of Eileen Chang. Mainly affected by Western feminist theory and her personal married life and relaxed social atmosphere in US.The forth chapter mainly discussed the value and limits of Women's Consciousness. The first section, "the value" included literary and social values. Her later novels written by a large number of female consciousness expression, is the process for women to improve themselves and is the way to tell the society to give attention to the plight of women survive.In addition, her writing is a good way for women to the self-examination and to establish and to use the feminist criticism paradigm.Meanwhile,it also good for breaking Phallocentrism and it is do good for achieving harmony between the human-beings.The second, "limits." The limits in Female Consciousness of Eileen mainly included three parts.At first,her late novel basically wrote her own life,so it did not have broad social significance and comprehensive reference value in the field of study.Besides,her personality which is bigoted and cold led to the her extreme view on Women's Consciousness.The last,her traits of losing mother love.It was showed by she lose her mum's love in her childhood and she was lack of the quality in maternity when she grow up.The conclusion indicated that,Eileen's later works had a unique context in Female Consciousness and had a distinctive feature.It is worth to recognize its academic value and practical significance.But there also had a reason for the insufficient integration of resources and other reasons to led the incomplete results in the current research.It is an area to promote urgently. We should further strengthen the Female Consciousness in her late works, enrich and improve the academic study of Eileen Chang.