A Study Of The Semantic Word Class Of Four-year-old Children's Discourse

Language is human's most important communication tool. Acquiring language is particularly important for young children. Children gradually complete their socialization in the process of language acquisition.The scholars in China mostly study vocabulary quantity of children of different ages based on corpus. Some scholars study grasping the language the part of speech of young children as well as the difference in language acquisition of children. Most scholars of early childhood basically re-classify the noun of the acquisition noun for classifying children vocabulary semantic parts of speech,which it did not form a complete system. This study was based on acquisition of vocabulary of children of four years old, referring to "Modern Chinese Semantic parts of speech system" and the word element children semantic framework. We establish the semantic parts of speech system of children of four years old, and as a basis we mark corpus and make word frequency statistics, which we can study children of four years old semantic parts of speech features.At first,we extracted from which had already completed "children of four years old(XX) Natural Conversation Corpus" in the corpus pure children. They have about 45 million words. We count up the numbers of each type of words and frequency of each word that appears after its proofreading, word segmentation, artificial mark. Then we analyzed in detail semantic parts of speech system each subclass according to the statistics. We found that the noun is very critical in the language of four children, not only quantity but there is a high frequency. Children of four years old not only have a great deal of words showing a specific image, but also be able to use words represent abstract relations. Words statement of the semantic words system are equivalent to the verb in the traditional grammar system.It is not only the core of syntactic structure but also the core of semantic structures. Words about actions and activities are the largest number in the children of four years old corpus. They relate action and have strongest combination.The others is a smaller number. Children of four years old have learned a number of verbs. Verb senses continuously grow. They can communicate well with the adults, but a combination of errors in some ways still occur. Restricted and described words among Semantic parts of speech systems include modified and limited words, where the largest number are nature word. We focus on depicting them in terms of semantics and combination. Modal function words mainly consists of six classes:modality class, asking class, tagging class, association classe tone class and echoed classe, which are mostly function words in the traditional grammar. Children of four years old have been able to properly use such words, and there is not much difference between adults and children.We mark four-year-old children's vocabulary according to the semantic words system and use software to make statistics for young children learning words for each class. Then we analyze the combination and the function of each class of words, which we can see what semantic part of speech have been learned maturely and which is relatively weak, which will appear mistakes in the use of the process. The division of semantic parts of speech is actually the response to the generality and the individuality of things in the world. So we can find the usage of vocabulary for children of four years old and children can also reflect the level of awareness of the objective world.