Gramsci's Theory Of Cultural Leadership And Its Enlightenment To The Construction Of Chinese Socialist Culture

Antonio Gramsci(1891-1931) is the most important Western Marx doctrine representative thinkers of the 20 th century,and as a revolutionist he is also one of the Founders of the Communist Party of Italy.He came up with the famous cultural hegemony on the basis of summarizing the the reason of the revolution in Western Europe failing continuously and analyzing the differences of civil society between the eastern society and the western society.Cultural hegemony has important theory significance on the world. It enriches the Marxism historical materialism theory and affects the study of the western ideology.As the deepening of the reform and opening-up,and the development of economic globalization,our economy develops quickly and people's living standard is improved greatly. At the same time,our society is in an era of active thinking,the concept of collision and culture blending. Many problems arise. Antonio Gramsci's cultural hegemony has important significance on the construction of socialist culture of China.Gramsci's cultural hegemony's background includes the influence of the October Revolution and the failure of proletarian revolution.It also includes the economic determinism of the second international and Bornstein's Neo-Kantianism.Gramsci's cultural hegemony comes from Lenin's thought of the“political leadership”,as well as the Sorel's theory.Lenin's theory is considered the direct source of cultural hegemony. Gramsci's cultural hegemony also comes from the Italian native resources(Machiavelli's theory and Croce's history).Gramsci's cultural hegemony includes civil society, organic intellectuals, positional warfare,political party,voluntary consent and so on. Civil society is considered the place where cultural hegemony is carried out. Organic intellectuals are considered the main transactors who carry it out.Positional warfare is considered the strategy. Political party is considered the spiritual power. Voluntary consent is considered the precondition of obtaining cultural hegemony.Gramsci's cultural hegemony inherits and develops historical materialism. It has an important part in the study of western ideology. It also introduces the shortcoming of Gramsci's cultural hegemony.His cultural hegemony has important enlightenment on the construction of socialist culture of China. It includes strengthening the correct guidance of socialist cultural work,establishing the socialist core values, adhereing to the leadership of the Party, propagating the traditional culture,persisting the culture innovation,uniting the nation spirit,and attaching importance to the main body of the construction of socialist culture and the innovation of the way.