Investigation And Study On The Variation And Change Of The Appellation Of Pingdingshan Dialect

After the introduction of Social Linguistics into China in the 1980s,on the one hand itself has great developments,on the other hand has formed a new researching trend---combined with dialectology,studying dialects from the perspective of Social Linguistics.Language Variation is an important researching issue of Social Linguistics,mainly used in voice research abroad,in China not only applied to the research of voice,but also the study of lexicon.As a part of lexicon,PingDingShan dialect appellation word accords with the characteristics of 'used relatively frequently relatively easy to identify'when choosing variables in the Social Linguistics research,from the research of PingDingShan dialect appellation word,we can know the overall situation,sort,characteristic and trend of PingDingShan dialect appellation word's variation and change,through these characteristic and trend to find the reason of varation and change,to allow the language serve us better.The investigation we use Stratified sampling to sample the subjects;we use Literature research to sort out a table of PingDingShan dialect appellation word;we use questionnaire and recording interviews to investigate two places PingDingShan Downtown area and QuanYin Village which are in the same dialect area but have differences.First we distinguish the overall situation of PingDingShan dialect appellation word's variation and change;second,we divide species of PingDingShan dialect appellation word's variation and change;third,we investigate characteristic and trend of PingDingShan dialect appellation word's variation and change from the relationship between PingDingShan dialect appellation word and age,gender, education;then find the reason.The survey results shows that:PingDingShan Downtown area and QuanYin Village are consistent in the overall situation of variation and change,both have four sorts,but each sort has difference in the number.The sort of PingDingShan dialect appellation word's variation and change includes lexical variation,voice variation,grammar variation, said surface and call back variation,emotional coloring variation,PingDingShan Downtown area and QuanYin Village are consistent in the sort of variable and change.The characteristic of PingDingShan dialect appellation word's variation and change:overall QuanYin Village is in the'ongoing changes',which is 'variation';PingDingShan Downtown area has one variable which is in the'completed changes',the remaining are in the'ongoing changes'.From the relationship between appellation word's variation and change and age, PingDingShan Downtown area and QuanYin Village both show an inverse relationship;From the relationship between appellation word's variation and change and gender,PingDingShan Downtown area and QuanYin Village both show that the women are likely to use the emerging variant;From the relationship between appellation word's variation and change and education,PingDingShan Downtown area shows a proportional relationship,but QuanYin Village doesn't show a certain relationship.The trend of PingDingShan dialect appellation word's variation and change,both PingDingShan Downtown area and QuanYin Village are close to the Mandarin overall,but the two place are in the different stage.All the subjects of QuanYin Village and mid-aged and elderly subjects of PingDingShan Downtown area use old-fashioned dialect,but the teen subjects of PingDingShan Downtown area use new-style dialect.The reasons of the variation and change are the effect of Mandarin,people's social and psychological changes.