Mongolian Gongma Study In The Ming And Mongolian Tributary System During The Ming Dynasty

In the period of Ming Yingzong,Mongol treated horse as tribute and output lots of them to Ming government.There are three features about exporting horse:first,exporting horse has strong sustainability;second,the frequency of Wu Liangha's exporting horse is more than Wa La and Da Da's,but the number of horse is not;third,exporting horse shows obvious law which is as the time had gone,the number of exporting horse become less.The price of horse is the core of Mongol Tribute.In the period of Ming Yingzong,Ming government divided horse to three or four grade by the horse quality and set the price of horse.Silk and color satin are usually treated as the way of paying for horse.On the whole,the price of horse keeps stable from Yong Le time to Tian Shun time.Except the price of horse,Ming government also gave the tribute bearers and Mongol rulers abundant things which were called Gei Ci.For Wu Liangha,Ming government orders the tribute bearers to bring Gei Ci to their rulers.For Wa La and Da Da,Ming government arranged the officials to bring Gei Ci to their rulers.By Mongol's horse,Ming government got enough strategic material and alleviated the lack of the status of the horse.At the same time,giving Mongol lots of precious items alleviated the crisis of Ming Dynasty's frontier defense.Mongol obtained articles for daily use by exporting horse,which also had an effect on the Mongol's situation.