The Modal Adverb "Inevitable / Inevitable / Unavoidable" And Its Teaching Problems

"ndn mian/bu mian/wei mian" is is the three synonyms in the modern Chinese with the euphemism.Similarities and differences between their usage,leading to Chinese learners to understand and use these three words have great difficulty,is one of the difficulties in foreign language vocabulary teaching.On the basis of the General Corpus of Modern Chinese,this paper explores the syntactic distribution,semantic function and pragmatic function of modal adverb "nan mian/bu mian/wei mian".At the same time,this paper analyzes the situation of foreign students' accustomed adverbs "nan midn/bu mian/wei mian" by using the second language acquisition error analysis theory.And studying the causes of errors,puting forward the corresponding teaching countermeasures,hoping that through the study can help the teaching of these three words.In the syntactic sense,the modal adverb "nan mian/bu mian/wei mian" can be used before the verb,can be directly modified structures of "shi+object","verb phrase","degree adverb + verb/verb phrase","yao/hui+verb phrase" and other structures.But "bu mian" can not be modified the type of guest structure of "you + object".nan mian/bu mian/wei mian"can be used before adjective words,"nan mian" modified adjective words rarely,"wei mian"is most,and "wei mian" commonly modified negative nature adjectives.In addition,"ndn mian" can be used to redundant negation construction,"bu mian" can be used for structure of"X+adjective + qi lai",and "wei mian" can constitute the structure of "X +verb + de","Verb +de + X"."nan mian/bu midn/wei mian" is different on the semantic function,which "nan mian/bu mian "can be describe about the action behavior and psychological activity,can evaluate things in denial and can emphasize the event of the inevitable.In addition to these semantics,"wei mian" can also indicate the subjective evaluation of individual anomalies or predict the uncertainty of the event.In pragmatic aspects of the modal adverb,"nan mian/bu mian/wei mians"has function of presupposition,ease of tone and subjective expression.In the subjective expression,"nan mians<"bu mian"<"wei mian".Based on the survey of HSK dynamic composition corpus of Beijing Language University and the Interlanguage corpusof Jinan University,non-native Chinese learners in the acquisition of "nan mian/bu mian/wei midn" type of errors are omission,addition,overrepresentation and wrong sequence,hybridity.Among them,the most error generation,mixed error least,omission,error and wrong sequence errors in a similar number.The causes of errors are four aspects:negative transfer of mother tongue,negative transfer of target language knowledge,the influence of learning strategies and communication strategies,and the influence of learning environment.Based on the modal adverb "nan mian/bu mian/wei mian" syntactic,semantic and pragmatic features and analysis of Chinese learners in the use of three words in the process of error analysis,the teaching process should pay attention to the improvement of foreign language words,the improved annotation,example words contrast method,teaching steps,in order to improve the three adverbs teaching effect.