The Status Quo And Influencing Factors Of Children's Social Emotion Development In Rural Areas

0-3 years old is the critical period for the child development,and also is fundamental to human development.Preparing for the early childhood development has great significance to the promotion of human capital in the future.The development of human capital from the source can provide impetus for the long-term stable economic development of the economy.The early development of children's social emotion lays the foundation for entering into the future social environment.They have an overlap between the developmental functional area and the behavioral process.Social competence refers to a series of actions that make someone establish relationships and engage actively with peers,siblings,parents and other adults,and emotional ability is the ability to effectively regulate emotions to achieve goals.Many scholars at home and abroad have studied the status quo and influencing factors of infant's social emotional ability development.They have found that there are big problems in the development of children's social emotion capabilities in impoverished areas.However,the previous studies focused only on the infants themselves,and family or parent individual level analysis.Additionally,the sample is mostly city children,the literature that study the children in rural areas,especially in poor rural areas is less developed.The objective of this study is to analyze the current state of children's social emotional ability in rural area by using empirical research methods,to explore the factors which effect children's social emotional ability in rural areas,and to put forward some suggestions to improve the social emotional ability of rural children,so as to promote child development in rural areas.In order to achieve this goal,this study used data of 1644 children aged 6 to 24 months in 83 townships of 15 counties which were randomly selected in Yunnan,Hebei and Shaanxi provinces,using the international common social emotional measurement scale(ASQ-SE)to collect the current status of children 's social emotional ability in rural areas.At the same time,it used a self-compiled family questionnaire to collect various characteristics of children,including their own characteristics,parents”characteristics,family characteristics and parents' parenting behavior,and then used statistical methods to explore the various factors which affect children's social emotional ability and its degree of influence.The results show that:(1)At the infant characteristics level,age,birth order and preterm birth have a significant effect on social emotional problems;and as they age,the social emotional ability worsens-the social ability of first child gets worse,as does the social capacity of premature children.(2)At the caregiver characteristics level,the child whose first caregiver is the mother will have good social emotional capability,as will children whose mother has a high educational level.Children with poor parenting behavior will have poor in social emotional ability.(3)At the family characteristics level,children with low household income have poor social skills.And for the above analysis of the influencing factors,we can put forward targeted improvement strategies.Firstly,at the family characteristics level,we need to pay attention to the early training of children's social emotional ability,as well as pay attention to care and supporting premature children.Secondly,the country needs to increase publicity and education of scientific-influenced parenting behavior.If the caregiver of the infant can get more parenting information,the infant can grow better.