The Application Of The Combination Of Numbers And Shapes In The Teaching Of Mathematics In Primary Schools

The compulsory education mathematics curriculum standards(2011 edition) are required to definite the basic idea of mathematics. The concept in N&G(number and graph) is one of the most important mathematical theories through the elementary mathematics teaching. Math is the foundation of the natural science, also it is a study of space form and quantity relationship between disciplines. Number is the abstract generalization of graph. Form is the embodiment of number. The concept in number and graph has broken the bound of number and graph that has achieved the combination of number and graph as the foundation for students understanding the meaning and value of mathematics. However, in real teaching, it is difficult to explain the concept of N&G because of the insufficient understanding of the system and the wrong guide in teaching process for teachers. Based on completing the theoretical system of the concept of N&G, the paper studies the specific performance, the analysis of the reasons and the Coping strategies of the concept of N&G. The paper aims to offer reference for the penetration in the elementary mathematics teaching.The thesis includes four chapters:Chapter 1 describing the combination of N&G concept and educational value.N&G combined the abstract number with intuitive spatial graph, using their relationships and complementary advantages, solving mathematical problems by their interconversion. Based on representation theory and modern cognition theory to explain N&G. Meanwhile, it analyzes the value of N&G detailed to assist primary school students obtaining knowledge, improving abilities of solving math problems,developing their mathematical thinking.Chapter 2 describing specific performance of N&G. It shows two forms: graph explains number and number calculates graph. Specifically, we understand and operate numbers by graphs. By using graphs, we organize numbers, including sorting,discovery rules, clarify the relationships and solve problems. By using numbers, we understand and measure graphs, describing the position of graphs and movement.Chapter 3 illustrating the present situation of N&G in primary school mathematics teaching. By way of survey, there are some problems of N&G during elementary school mathematics teaching, including have not been popular, infiltration class type is unreasonable, osmotic content have deviation, teachers ignore the number form combining ideas in the student evaluation of penetration, teachers exist certain differences between the sexes. According to the problems, the understanding of the requirements from the school, the teachers' knowledge, the teacher to the student to accept the rules of textbooks, teachers' teaching experience and mining through the cause analysis of the ability, lay a foundation for improvement strategy.Chapter 4 expounds the application in the elementary school mathematics teaching improvement strategy. According to the problem causes the improvement principle and improvement strategy. Number and graph theory should follow the principle of pertinence, permeability, participatory. Improvement strategy including teachers through theoretical study, deepen the understanding of the logarithmic form combining ideas; Strengthen school-based teaching and research, realizing the multiplication of osmotic way; Using a variety of penetrating strategy, to meet the needs of different type of teaching.