| Science and technology entrepreneurship is an important means to promote innovation driven development strategy and promote economic growth. ?Proposals of CPC Central Committee on the Formulation of the Thirteenth Five-year Plan for National Economic and Social Development? points out that it is necessary to deepen reform of science and technology system, promote the capitalization and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, improve the income ratio of scientific and technical personnel in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. However, in the reality, the transformation of scientific and technological achievements is still in a low level. Science and technology entrepreneurship plays an important role in the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, but the mechanism of scientific and technical personnel entrepreneurial behavior in different dimensions of institutional environment is still not clear. So it is important to research the relationship of institutional environment, scientific and technical personnel's entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial behavior based on the entrepreneur. So as to provide theoretical supports for transformation of scientific and technological achievements in each region, and for the innovation driven development strategy.We discuss the effect of institutional environment on the relationship between scientific and technical personnel's entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial behavior under the regulatory, normative, cognitive dimensions and the newly added conducive dimension. This study participated a research conducted by China Association for Science and Technology, which references 20000 scientific and technical personnel from 27 provinces and municipalities in China, and make an empirical analysis of the research hypothesis by the data through correlation analysis, factor analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Finally, we choose provinces of Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai as cases to validate the theoretical model.The main conclusions of this study are as follows:scientific and technical personnel's entrepreneurial cognition has a positive effect on entrepreneurial behavior. A high level of entrepreneurial cognition can help to improve the proportion of entrepreneurial behavior of scientific and technical personnel. Conducive environment and cognitive environment represented by the number of patents have a positive moderating effect on the relationship between entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial behavior. Good conducive environment can strengthen the relationship between entrepreneurial cognition and entrepreneurial behavior of scientific and technical personnel, which means that the conducive environment plays a role of catalyst in the promotion of entrepreneurial behavior proportion. The cognition environment represented by patents can provide sufficient conditions to make entrepreneurial cognition transfer to entrepreneurial behavior. However, the moderating effect of regulatory environment and normative environment is not significant, and it's hard for them to improve the transformation from entrepreneurial cognition to entrepreneurial behavior.This research proposes suggestions from three levels:at the national level, the implementation of the policies should be promoted. What's more, we should pay much attention to the propaganda of policies, and improve the awareness rate of scientific and technological personnel; in the regional and the organizational level, the optimization of conducive environment should become the focus of attention, and establishing an open innovation system in the long term is also necessary, which can improve the ability of technological innovation fundamentally; for the scientific and technical personnel, they should evaluate the institutional environment based on the R&D investment intensity, patents and local incubators, and understand each science and technology policy. |
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