A Research Of Policy To Narrow The Income Gap Between Urban And Rural Areas Of Hunan Province

The income gap between urban and rural areas is the most close to the topic of people's livelihood,caused the wide attention of the ancient and modern,Chinese and foreign.Nearly forty years reform and opening up,China's rapid economic growth and income inequality,triggered a series of economic and social problems.On March 17,2015,Li Keqiang,referred to in the government work report,through various channels to promote farmers' income,maintaining the momentum of the urban and rural residents' income gap;Eighteen boundary in the fifth plenary session proposed,to promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas,improve the system of the integration of urban and rural development mechanism;Nations also made clear that much starker choices-and graver consequences-in planning outline,narrow the income gap.Therefore,narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas is the focus of the people's livelihood and hot spots,is the national strategic target of sustainable development,is the will of building a harmonious society by the act.Hunan as a big agricultural province,can properly solve the problem of good income gap between urban and rural areas,involving agricultural foundation status,affect the whole Hunan economy cornerstone;Involved in Hunan province comprehensively advancing the course of the construction of "Four Modernizations" type;Involves the successful completion of a well-off society in an all-round way.Therefore,in-depth study of Hunan province,the gap between urban and rural income distribution field current problems,depth explore the causes,and to seek effective solutions is urgent and necessary.The first two chapters in this paper mainly introduced the thesis research background,research significance,the domestic and foreign relevant literature review and the introduction of theoretical basis.Combing the domestic and foreign related theory,income distribution to the end will come to the conclusion:the market primary distribution pays attention to efficiency,does not automatically form a fair.Therefore,at the time of failure of market development,the government should take fiscal policies to adjust income distribution.Finance is to pass to fair income redistribution of income and expenses,namely fiscal spending and tax policy.Fiscal spending to regulate the income gap through transfer payments,and tax policies through the tax system structure,taxation elements to make approximate fair income distribution.In this paper,chapter iii of the present situation of the income gap between urban and rural areas of Hunan province in-depth analysis.Collecting statistical yearbook data of Hunan province,through absolute income difference between urban and rural areas,urban and rural income ratio,Engel's coefficient,Thayer index four indexes shows that Hunan urban and rural income gap is too big.Through regression model,analyzing the effect of the fiscal and taxation policy of Hunan province.From the Angle of financial expenditure,financial expenditure total scale and social security and employment increase in spending will lead to the income gap between urban and rural areas to expand,education expenditure,following transaction expenses,medical and health care expenditure and negatively correlated with the Thayer index,finance can increase its spending to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,the three comparison,the increase in education spending in narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas the best effect,medical and health care effect,the effect is the worst following transaction costs.According to the analysis of tax policy of value added tax,business tax increase is not conducive to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,the influence of the business tax widening urban-rural income gap is larger than the VAT,therefore,to increase comprehensive camp can narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas.The individual income tax,enterprise income tax and negatively correlated with the Thayer index,narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas,but the two effects are not obvious.Research in this paper,the fourth chapter focuses on ink to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas of Hunan province in the existing problems and causes,respectively summarized from two aspects of fiscal spending and tax policies.In Hunan province on the question of fiscal expenditure and cause there are three:insufficient total scale of fiscal expenditure,unreasonable structure of fiscal expenditure,financial expenditure effect is not obvious;And the problem and the causes of tax policy has three:the current tax system is not reasonable,not both fairness and efficiency;Turnover tax adjusting income gap limitations;Income tax to adjust income gap effect is not ideal.In the last chapter,the paper summarizes the problems in the income gap between urban and rural areas in Hunan Province,and tries to put forward the suggestions on the tax policy of narrowing the income gap between urban and rural residents.Policy Suggestions respectively from two aspects of fiscal spending and taxation policy,fiscal policy Suggestions on narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas are:to improve the social security and employment expenditure structure;Increase the expenditure for supporting agriculture,optimize the structure of the expenditure for supporting agriculture;As a whole the integration of urban and rural education;The innovation way of financial support,guarantee the efficiency of fiscal support.Optimization of narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas of Hunan province tax policy Suggestions are:perfecting citizens property tax,complete tax system;A camp to increase and optimize the turnover tax;Optimize the income tax;Improve preferential tax policies.