The Study On Equalization Of Basic Endowment Insurance System For Rural And Urban Residents In China

The quadratic assignment property of the social security system determines that it’s necessary to have the function of adjusting allocation of resources and promoting social equity.As an important part of social security system,basic endowment insurance for urban and rural residents undoubtedly enjoys the function of promoting social justice.With the acceleration of urbanization,city and countryside integration development attracted more and more attention,and construction of urban and rural public service has achieved encouraging results.However,population aging and accelerated population flow brought more demands to endowment insurance.Equalization of pension insurance for urban and rural residents is the proper meaning of social fairness and justice,which is also important element of citizen’s pension rights.It’s the government’s responsibility to promote the construction of equalization of pension insurance for urban and rural residents.Though endowment insurance has covered all rural and urban areas in terms of system,which laid the foundation for the realization of equalization of pension insurance for rural and urban residents,inequities existed in the process of implementation should not be ignored,for example,the policy was only covered in terms of system,residents’ insurance participation is far from optimistic according to the rate of joining insurance;people from different areas have different life demands as well as different pension expectations and requirements,thus caused actual problems of inequities.From the perspective of law,the failure of equalization of current endowment insurance system for urban and rural residents should be attributed to reasons that current system implementation mainly relies on policy,incomplete supporting legal mechanisms,and failure of providing long-term and stable legal guidance,all of which are legislative imbalance.Imbalances of legislative structure also affect the efficiency of the system,including the negative effects of subsidies,management system and responsibility assignment of competent authorities,as well as urban-rural dualistic structure and other aspects.In addition,the source of old-age insurance for urban and rural residents is unitary,the government should bear main payment liability,but the responsibility of government departments at different levels is unreasonable,the fund’s capacity of value appreciation and maintenance also need to be strengthened,all of which are key reasons of failure of effective fund supply,thus seriously restricted the equalization development of old-age insurance for urban and rural residents.By reason of foregoing,the equalization of endowment insurance for urban and rural residents can’t be solely achieved by unifying system.To achieve this target,it’s necessary to perfect legal system by integrating the concept of equation into establishing related legal systems,realizing institutional development of endowment insurance for urban and rural residents,making corresponding specific regulations or local regulations,and providing stable guidance.It’s important to have a perfect top-level design of the system,give full play of the attractiveness of the system,enhance urban and rural residents’ enthusiasm to participate insurance,achieve a full coverage of insurance rate,and promote the process of the implementation of old-age insurance for urban and rural residents by means like optimal management.At the same time,it’s very important to ensure the supply of endowment insurance for urban and rural residents through measures such as reforming the government’s financial transfer payment system,building a diversified fund-raising channels,improving fund supervision.It’s also necessary to establish and perfect channels of right relief,ensuring that urban and rural residents can have access to legal aid and protection in case of infringement of pension rights.