The Optimal Allocation Calculating Model Of Tourism Transport In Tourist Resorts Case Studies Of Jiuzhaigou And Huangshan National Park

Transport allocation is one of the key factors for tourism.Successful tourism traffic allocation concentrated on improving the tourist satisfaction and,where possible,reducing carbon emissions and increasing economic efficiency.To resolve the contradiction between rigid supply and flexible demand,the contradiction between tourist satisfaction,tourists satisfaction and environment impact,based on "maximizing the tourist satisfaction,maximizing the enterprises' efficiency,minimizing the environment impact",this paper built the optimal allocation calculating model of tourism traffic and then took Jiuzhaigou sightseeing bus and Huangshan Yuping cableway as two examples.The paper provides a new way of thinking for the integration compositive and comprehensive research.In addition,from the perspective of carbon emission and carbon efficiency,the paper compared carbon emission of Jjiuzhaigou sightseeing bus and that of Huangshan Yuping cableway and cableway was a kind of low carbon means of transportation.Thereby this paper changed people's perception of cableway.This paper consist of four parts.The first part is research basis in which the research background,research significance and the related research progress were reviewed.The theoretical basis was summarized in this part,too.The second part is model building.Based on "maximizing the tourist satisfaction,maximizing the enterprises' efficiency,minimizing the environment impact",this paper built the optimal allocation calculating model of tourism traffic in this part.The third part is empirical research.We took Jiuzhaigou sightseeing bus and Huangshan Yuping cableway as two examples to validate the model.The fourth part is conclusion and prospect.The conclusions of this paper are as follows:Firstly,the model applied to calculate the optimal allocation of tourism transport in tourist resorts is universal and effective.On one hand,The conceptual model which consist of"maximizing the tourist satisfaction,maximizing the enterprises' efficiency,minimizing the environment impact" is not only suitable for ground transportation and water traffic,but also for air transportation,on the other hand,the results match practical cases.Secondly,tourists waiting time cost is an important variable of the optimal allocation calculating model of tourism transport in tourist resorts.In considering "maximizing the tourist satisfaction",tourists waiting time directly reflects the vehicle requirement of tourists,thereby affects the tourist satisfaction.Therefore,we adopt the time value of theory and generate the variable of tourists waiting time cost to characterize "maximizing the tourist satisfaction".Tourists waiting time cost is the key step of "maximizing the tourist satisfaction" shifting from qualitative to quantitative,and plays an important role the model applied to calculate the optimal allocation of tourism transport in tourist resorts.Thirdly,carbon emission of tourism transport is an important carbon source to the tourist resorts.The empirical studies show that carbon emission of Jiuzhaigou sightseeing buses account for 53.75%of the total while that of Huangshan Yuping cableway occupies 15.8%.Fourthly,the optimal allocation of tourism transport in tourist resorts is difference season is different obviously,improvement patterns of diverse transportation are different.The optimal allocation of Jiuzhaigou sightseeing buses in best season best were 6.14 times and 1.94 times the amount of off-season and shoulder season respectively.The optimal allocation of Huangshan Yuping cableway in best season best were 4.55 times and 1.55 times the amount of off-season and shoulder season respectively.Sightseeing buses allocation can employ alternating mode,but cableway allocation should adopt fixed model.Finally,tourism cableway is a kind of low carbon and energy saving transportation.In 2012,the carbon emission of Huangshan Yuping cableway is as low as 0.33kg/p · d.Tourism cableway promotes tourists experience,especially for that of disadvantaged groups and the promotion of tourists experience is good for the realization of social equity.Therefore,the construction of tourism cableway should be advocated.