Regional Economic Research Of Shandong Road In Jin Dynasty

During the period of Jin dynasty, road is the highest level administrative division of this nation. In this paper, Shandong road is the theme of my study.It includes the Shandong eastern road and Shandong western road. Nowadays, it includes most of Shandong province, the northeast part of Henan province, as well as northern part of Jiangsu province. As the establishment timeof Jin dynasty (1125) is not consistent with the time of Shandong road under the control of Jin dynasty, so the time range of this paper is from that the Jin arms enter the Shandong road, that is the third year of Tianhui (1125)to the end of the Jin regime.During the whole regime time of Jin dynasty, the population of Shandong road is greatly influenced by wars, political situation, and natural disasters. At the beginning of Jin dynasty, there are frequent wars, and all kinds of natural disasters, together with Han people immigrating to the southern, and so many other reasons, that a large number of people have died in the war, a sharp decline in population.In the middle of Jin dynasty, with the social stabililty, and the social system is gradually perfect, the population is growing rapidly.In the end of Jin dynasty, with the invasion of Mongolian army, Shandong Road is characterized by turbulence and intranquility, and the population declines rapidly.During the regime range of Jin dynasty, the agricultural economy of Shandong Road area also showed drastic fluctuations.It is generally known that the agricultural production requires a long cycle, a lot of labor, and is influenced strongly by social situation.The change tendency of the agricultural economy also presents a three-step.In the early years of Jin dynasty, the agricultural economy is destroyed badly. There is such a bad scene that large tracts of farmland abandoned, a large number of peasants died in the war, frequent famine, or even "people food" tragedy. During the middle period, as the social order is becoming table, especially the period after Longxing peace (1164) signed, large-scale wars had basically stopped. Coupled with the Shizong emperor and Zhangzong emperor attached great importance to agricultural production, the agricultural economy is recovering rapidly and developing fast. At the end of the Jin dynasty, there are frequent wars, social unrest, a sharp decrease in the population, a lot of land barren in Shandong Road area, the agricultural economy has been the destroyed rapidly once again and declined quickly.There are numerous handicraft categories, various products, such as silk, porcelain, engraved books, mining, etc, together with many new breakthroughs in technology in Shandong road. It provides many goods and materials for the development of agricultural production, also enriches the commodity market, promote the prosperity of economy.The commercial economy is discussed finally in this paper. With the convenient transportation and rich handicraft products, the commercial economy is developing quickly. Jiaoxi Quechang is the noly place for foreign trade legally, and the trade is frequent in it. Variety goods can be bought and sold, that come from the southern song dynasty, Korea and many rare goods overseas. In addition, the town economy and smuggling trade is also very rich. Many urgently-needed materials can be traded into the market in the form of smuggling. It also enriches production and life of common people, and promotes the development of commercial economy.The economy of Shandong road in Jin dynasty has its own characteristics.From the vertical view, the economy of Shandong road is not very well, no matter the agricultural economy, or the handicraft production. Its economy cannot keep pace with the level in north Song Dynasty, or the Yuan Dynasty.However, from the horizontal view, its economy is better than many other roads, except Hebei road. It is worth noted that the salt production has showed a significant advantage in Shandong road. Just from the view point of fiscal revenue, the tax revenue from Shandong salt has become one of the main sources of Jin dynasty. The economy's level in Shandong road is really better, such as the agriculture, manufacture and commerce. It is an important source of finance for the Jin dynasty. Perhaps it is why that the government attaches importance to Shandong road.