The Influence Of Social Values And Individual Attributes On Entrepreneurial Activity

As an important driving force of national and regional economic growth,entrepreneurial activity has played an important role in solving the employment problem and promoting the innovation of technology,products and services.At present,the global countries show the abnormal phenomenon of entrepreneurial activity,but different regions and countries show different entrepreneurial activities,and the problem of low survival rate is serious.Entrepreneurial activities have the features of complexity,process and dynamic.Therefore,it is important to explore the factors of entrepreneurial sustainability from the perspective of entrepreneurial process while considering the factors that affect entrepreneurial activities.Based on the theory of institutional and cognitive psychology and the GEM reporting model,this paper puts forward the relationship model of social values,individual attributes and entrepreneurial activities in different stages.Secondly,using the method of fsQCA,this study not only analyzes the impact of social values and individual attributes on entrepreneurial activities,but also focus on the combination effort of social values and individual attributes.Finally,from the perspective of entrepreneurial process,this study explores the differences of social values and individual attributes to entrepreneurial activities of different stages.Specific conclusions are as follows:Firstly,This paper finds that for total early-stage entrepreneurial activity,perceived capability(pc)and perceived opportunity(po)constitute its necessary condition;perceived capability(pc)is necessary to nascent entrepreneurial activity;for new business,entrepreneurship as a good career choice(gc),media attention for entrepreneurship(ma),perceived capability(pc)and perceived opportunity(po)are necessary conditions;but none of causal conditions is necessary for established business.Secondly,For different start-up stages,social values and individual attributes play a different role,in particular to achieve total early-stage entrepreneurial activities and established business.The combination of the presence of entrepreneurship as a good career choice(gc),perceived capacity(pc),perceived opportunity(po)and entrepreneurial intention(ei),and absence of fear of failure(~ff)can lead to the occurrence of total early-stage entrepreneurial activities,nascent entrepreneurial activities and new business,and the combination of different stages just show the different core-periphery condition.Moreover,The combination of the presence of entrepreneurship as a good career choice(gc),high status as successful entrepreneurs(hs),perceived capacity(pc),perceived opportunity(po)and entrepreneurial intention(ei)can also lead to the occurrence of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity.and the combination of the presence of entrepreneurship as a good career choice(gc),high status as successful entrepreneurs(hs),media attention for entrepreneurship(ma),perceived capacity(pc),perceived opportunity(po)and entrepreneurial intention(ei)can also lead to the occurrence of new entrepreneurial activities.However,for established business,there is not typical path to achieve established business because of low coverage,though the combination of the presence of entrepreneurship as a good career choice(gc),perceived capacity(pc),perceived opportunity(po)and entrepreneurial intention(ei),and the absence of media attention for entrepreneurship(~ma)and fear of failure(~ff)can lead to the occurrence of established business in theory,and established business may also be affected by other exogenous variables.Thirdly,separately analyze the combinations of social values and individual attributes,we find that the social values combination of media attention for entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship as a good career choice,and the social values combination of high status as entrepreneurs and entrepreneurship as a good career choice can lead to the occurrence of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity.The individual attributes combination of entrepreneurship intentions and perceived opportunities and the combination of entrepreneurship intentions and perceived capabilities can lead to the occurrence of total early-stage entrepreneurial activity.For established business,the social values combination of the absence of high status as entrepreneur and the presence of entrepreneurship as a good career choice is feasible,and there is not better configuration of individual attributes to explain the reason of achieving established business in most countries,the established business may be affected by other factors.