Research On The Characteristic Agriculture Management Mode In Xi'an Based On The Farmer's Production Efficiency

Develop high quality and efficient characteristic agriculture is necessary to actively adapt to the new normal economic development,and it is important for transformation of agricultural development mode,optimization of agricultural industrial structure and improvement of the market competitiveness of agricultural products.Management mode not only decides the production efficiency of characteristic agriculture,but also has important meaning in promoting the development of characteristic agriculture specialization and industrialization.At present,there are five kinds of characteristic agricultural management modes in Xi'an,which are the traditional production type,cooperation-oriented type,leading business-oriented type ?,leading business-oriented type ? and market-oriented type.Based on the field survey of 12 sample villages and 392 households,which are driven by characteristic agriculture industry in Xi'an,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the input and output characteristics of farmers under different management modes.Then based on the group frontier and meta-frontier(DEA)analysis,this paper compares the agricultural production efficiency of farmers in different business models.Finally,this paper puts forward the corresponding optimization suggestions.The results show that:(1)A comparative analysis of the basic characteristics of the sample farmers shows that the proportion of non-farm households in traditional production-type farmers reached 47.57%.The proportion of households with more than 50%of their income from non-farm business(type ?)in cooperation-oriented farmers reached 61.68%.The proportion of type ?households and non-farm households in leading business-oriented farmers ? reached 78.44%.The proportion of type ? households in leading business-oriented farmers II reached 53.22%.Market-oriented farmers in the highest proportion of pure farmers(40.32%).It can be seen that the phenomenon of non-agriculturalization in traditional production type and leading business-oriented type ? is very common.The agricultural income of market-oriented farmers has the greatest contribution to the total household income,while the other two types of farmers have obvious concurrent business characteristics.(2)A comparative analysis of the agricultural production characteristics of farmers shows that among the sample farmers who adopt these five types of management modes,the scale of agricultural(1.1 mu per household),the investment of agricultural capital(1290.35 yuan per household)and the total annual income of agriculture(11235.35 yuan per household)are the smallest of the leading business-oriented farmers I.The above three indicators of the market-oriented farmers are the highest,respectively,9.8 acres per household,29194.19 yuan,93893.54 yuan.The indicators of the other three peasant farmers are between the two.This shows that professional market,cooperative economic organization and order arrangement of leading enterprises can effectively promote the increase of farmers' income and expand the scale of operation.However the leading enterprises which running the production base through the transfer of land have the poor farmers' income effect.Its driving effect is reflected in the transfer of rural surplus labor force employment and the increase of farmers'non-agricultural income.(3)The DEA results of the group frontier shows that the proportion of high-efficiency farmers of leading business-oriented type I,leading business-oriented type II and cooperation-oriented type accounted for 69%,48%,66%.While the proportion of low-efficiency farmers in market-oriented type and traditional production type is 64%and 83%respectively.The DEA results of the meta-frontier shows that the average efficiency of leading business-oriented farmers I is 0.70.The average efficiency of cooperation-oriented is 0.58,which is higher than that of leading business-oriented II(0.57)and market-oriented type(0.45).The traditional production farmers are the lowest for the 0.23.The above data indicate that compared with the village optimal production unit,farmers of leading business-oriented type I,leading business-oriented type II and cooperation-oriented type can make efficient use of agricultural resources,while there are many farmers of market-oriented type and traditional production type in the loss of efficiency seriously and the technical level of agricultural production is uneven and low.Compared with the best overall production unit,the comprehensive efficiency of agricultural farmers of leading business-oriented type I and cooperation-oriented type is relatively high.It shows that the two modes are relatively better in resource allocation and farmers can obtain relatively high output at the current level of input.(4)Farmers of leading business-oriented type I,leading business-oriented type ?and cooperation-oriented type are in the low scale efficiency and most farm households are in the stage of increasing returns to scale.So we can improve the comprehensive efficiency ofagricultural production by increasing agricultural input.Most of the farmers lack of ability to grasp technology in the market-oriented and traditional mode.It is urgent to strengthen theagricultural extension service system of the two villages to improve agricultural management level of scientific and precise.At the same time,traditional productive farmers have the low scale efficiency,so it is important to expand the scale of operation for improving theproduction efficiency.