The Design Of Farmers' Credit Rating System

Financial suppression phenomenon is in common in China's rural areas,It is difficult to obtain funds for farmer,the phenomenon that financial institutions have unwillingness to extend loans to farmeris widespread.In recent years,financial institutions increase the loans for farmers,in 2015 financial institutions extend loan to the whole society to pay 93.95 trillion yuan,rural loans to 21.61 trillion yuan,up 11.2% over 2014,accounting for the total social loans 6.55 %.Financial institutions' loan meets the financial needs of rural areas,but the total amount of loans issued by financial institutions can not fully meet theneed of farmers,the "hunger" for fund still exists.The reasons that the farmers are difficult to obtain the financing of the formal financial institutions are mainly due to the large risk of agricultural production,the uncertainty of the income,the lack of strict collateral,the lack of credit guarantee,the lack of recognition of the credit status of the farmers and the lack of uniform and standardized credit information,lack of a unified standard of credit evaluation and evaluation of farmers is systematic.Therefore,refer to the lack of uniform standards of farmers 'credit evaluation and the lack of systematicness of evaluation indicators,exploring the scientific and systematic credit rating system which is consistent with the economic development level and farmer's behavior characteristics is with practical significance,contributing to the agricultural financial institutions improve credit identification of farmers work,solving the problem of financing loans as farmers in the rural economy,and ensuring that farmers access to equal financial services.Firstly,this paper summarizes the domestic and foreign research,study literature from the domestic and foreign study on the concept of credit,personal credit,personal credit evaluation model,the indicators of farmer credit evaluation.Through the combing of domestic and foreign research,the text has a very important reference with the help of combing the domestic and foreign researches.Then,this paper links the theory of information asymmetry and transaction cost with the credit behavior of farmers,and studies the importance of information to understand the credit situation from the theoretical level.On the basis of domestic and foreign research and related theories,this paper analyzes the credit status of peasant households from four aspects: basic information of farmer households,family assets,family borrowing and family management.According to the survey of 190 households in Shaanxi Province,the basic situation of farmers is sorted out,the indicators are selected and using the research results for reference,the credit institutions' opinions,design age,political appearance,marital status,educational level,health status,Household income,motor vehicle,the amount of loan,purpose,mortgage guarantee,own capital contribution ratio,the period of operation,the development of industry,so to build the credit evaluation index system of farmer.The use of analytic hierarchy process analysis software,drawing on the credit institutions of financial institutions to sort the importance of indicators,according to the percentage of weight to the credit,to build credit rating system.According to the credit score system designed in this paper,the credit status of 190 households was investigated,and the credit status of the whole farmer was obtained.190 households average credit is divided into 63.4 points,rural areas,farmers credit status in general,there are 26 households credit score below 40 points,whoface a large credit risk.In this paper,14 indicators in accordance with the weight of the four categories found in the farmer's assets and income status of farmers have a greater impact on credit,as a family assets of motor vehicles can be used as collateral loans to improve the farmers credit score,As the family per capital income,the higher the farmer has a higher credit score.Financial institutions in the credit investigation can be arranged in accordance with the order of weight,should focus on farmers' assets and income situation.In the field investigation and empirical analysis,it is concluded that in rural areas,farmers 'credit consciousness is weak,rural credit environment is poor,farmers' loans generally lack qualified collateral and guarantor,and loan fund use affect loan risk.According to the research conclusion,this paper puts forward that we should strengthen the propaganda and guidance,establish the reward and punishment mechanism,raise the farmers' credit consciousness,improve the farmer information collection mechanism,perfect the farmer credit evaluation system,innovate the mortgage guarantee mode,perfect the "two rights" loan mechanism,Mortgage facilities;strengthen compliance management and risk control.