Study On Enterprises’ Behaviour Mechanism Based On Carbon Labelling Scheme

Climate change has become a global environmental problem in urgent need to be solved.Greenhouse gas emission reduction needs the common action of the whole world.Nowadays,many countries have introduced a low carbon economic development strategies and policies.Carbon labelling is one of the measures for low carbon economy development.A number of countries including the United Kingdom,the United States,and Japan have implemented carbon labelling scheme.As a tag summary that measures carbon dioxide,or its equivalent greenhouse gas emissions,based on a full lifecycle assessment of a product or service,it can guide consumer spending and manufacturers to produce low-carbon products.Carbon labelling scheme has been gradually mature abroad,but China is still in its infancy.Therefore it is urgent and important for China government and business organizations to establish and develop Carbon labelling scheme,thus to integrate into global low-carbon development process.Present research on carbon labelling has different research directions,but for the driving factors of carbon labelling scheme,implementation mode and behavior relationship between stakeholders(enterprise,government and consumer)are lack of systematic analysis.From the prospective of enterprises,this paper identifies the key factors of influencing the implementation of the carbon labelling scheme based on the literature research and field investigation,and then analyses behavior relationship on the implementation of labelling scheme between enterprise and consumer,as well as between two enterprises.System dynamics is applied to simulate the created game model and investigate the dynamic change course of corporate behavior.The paper aims to help enterprises to choose the appropriate strategy for design and manufacture of low carbon product,and also provide theoretical basis for a government to adopt the proper policy tool,thereby to achieve the sustainability of the product and deal with climate change.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)there exist six subgame perfect Nash equilibrium of the dynamic game by analyzing enterprise and consumer’s complete information dynamic game model under certain conditions.And there are two evolutionary stable strategies(ESS),the strategy combination(labeling,buying)is the most ideal evolutionary stable strategies.(2)The achievement of optimal strategy requires common efforts of enterprises and consumers.The government should take certain subsidy policy to encourage and guide production and consumption of carbon labelling products,and the specific amount of subsidy is an important factor.(3)The subsidy significantly influences the implementation of the carbon labeling scheme.In particular,the simulation results show that a direct subsidy given to enterprises is better than one given to consumers.(4)Preferential taxation policies also have a have a positive impact on the implementation of the carbon labeling scheme.The linear decreasing tax rate is thus suggested as the optimal form of taxation policy.Moreover,the enterprise subsidy resulted in a faster rise in enterprises implementing the carbon labeling scheme in the early stage compared with the preferential taxation policy.However,the equilibrium number of enterprises was smaller for the former,which reflects that the linear decreasing tax rate may have long-term efficacy.(5)The combined policy has a greater influence on the implementation of the carbon labeling scheme.The optimum combination is a direct subsidy of 400 RMB for each air conditioner and a linear decreasing tax rate.