Researches About Optimization Of Rural Residential Areas In Villages Of Coal Mining Area

Urbanization is the inevitable choice of the development of society,and Chinese urbanization is currently in the stage of rapid development.The construction of rural residential areas takes an indispensable position in new rural construction.Chinese rural residential areas have disadvantages such as small scale,low degree of intensive utilization,scattered distribution,and a large number of rural land resources being unused and wasted.They are even more prominent in villages of coal mining area with complicated topography,which is affected by the coal mining process for a long time.,Excessive exploitation of coal resources caused the ecological environment problems such as farmland damage,housing collapse and groundwater depletion which have become increasingly prominent.And these problems brought bad influence to the production and living conditions of farmers.Therefore,it is of inestimable theoretical value and important practical significance to explore the layout model of rural residential areas that match the regional resources and environmental conditions.This study takes villages of coal mining area in Changhe river basin in Shanxi province as research subjects,including the following contents:(1)According to the classification method of the national economic department,the population carrying capacity of resources under the current social and economic situation in the study area was calculated.(2)By analyzing the spatial agglomeration of rural settlements in Changhe river basin,the system of villages and small towns was determined.(3)The fractal theory is used to quantitatively describe the influence degree of various factors on the layout of rural residential areas in the Changhe river basin,and the regional livability of the rural residential land are quantitatively evaluated by the weight model of evidence.(4)According to the comprehensive suitability evaluation result and the surplus level of population carrying capacity of resources,the type of rural residential area is divided,and the layout optimization scheme is determined accordingly.Major conclusions were as follows:(1)The carrying capacity of the resources based on economic population in Changhe river basin is 63626,one of the towns and industrial areas rely mainly on the secondary and tertiary industry while the primary industry carrying a relatively large proportion of the population is a number of traditional villages rely on agricultural development.(2)Based on the analysis of the influence of 13 factors under the geographical conditions,socio-economic conditions and resource conditions on the fractal characteristics of the rural residential system,we can know that:the fractal dimension value of rural residential areas in Changhe River Basin in Jincheng decreases with increase of elevation and slope,while the socio-economic conditions and resource conditions directly affect the fractal dimension of the rural settlement,and the change is consistent with it,except its population density.(3)By using the fractal theory model,the Zipf dimension of the actual population and resources carrying population of two populations were analyzed and compared,the results show that the latter is more in line with the local resources characteristics and development.Meanwhile,the village and small town system in the study area was determined by measuring the radius dimension of each village.(4)Through the introduction of the weights of evidence model,this paper quantitatively evaluated the suitability of rural residential areas and quantified the influence degree of each index.The results is divided into 4 levels,and the high level of rural residential areas is only 10.28% of the total area,indicating the poor natural environment,it is necessary to optimize and adjust the rural residential areas in Changhe River Basin in Jincheng.(5)According to the evaluation results and the surplus situation of population carrying capacity of resources,four types of rural residential areas are divided,and the layout optimization plan of rural settlements in Changhe river basin is worked out.