Analysis On Cultivated Land Use Efficiency In Black Soils In North-east Of China

Northeast black soil has the highest quality of China's cultivated land.Here is one of the world's only three black areas and China's most important major food producing areas.China's cultivated land accounts for only 14.24% of land area,of which high-quality cultivated land only 27.3% of the total cultivated land,the remaining cultivated land have different levels of production obstacles.Nearly thirty percent of the country's high-quality cultivated land is located in the black soil area of the Northeast.At present,the soil erosion of cultivated land in black soil area is serious,which results in black soil layer thinning and a decline of fertility.Improving the utilization efficiency of black soil area of cultivated land and protecting the black soil area of cultivated land resources is of great significance.The modernization and mechanization of agricultural production in the black soil area are high,while the productive efficiency of cultivated land is not optimistic,because of a large number of socio-economic and ecological problems.The classical methods,such as expanding modern production and promoting intensive use of cultivated land,are insufficient solve the problem of the low productive efficiency in the black soil area.It is necessary to promote the scientific and rational use of cultivated land in the northeastern region,to reduce the wastage of resources and the negative impact of overinvestment,and to improve the efficiency of input and output.Heilongjiang Province is located in Songnen Plain and Sanding Plain,which has the highest quality of cultivated land in Northeast.Black soil area accounts for 31.24% of the province's cultivated land,which is the highest proportion China.In this paper,according to the results of the interviews of Nenjiang County in Heilongjiang Province,by using Two-stage Method based on data envelopment analysis(DEA),the land use efficiency under different land use pattern and its influencing factors within the study area are analyzed.In the process of efficiency analysis,the samples were divided into two kinds of crops,such as corn,soybean and other crops.The samples were divided into four types of cultivated land,such as individual contracted households,large contractors,cooperatives and state farms.Quantitative analysis of factor inputs and outputs in cultivated land use process.The effects of cultivated land use efficiency include income,types of cultivated land use,agricultural machinery horsepower,agricultural machinery use cost,fertilizer input and pesticide input.The result indicates that:(1)The cultivated land use efficiency of Nenjiang County is 0.874,and the land use efficiency of individual contracting is the highest.The productive efficiency of cultivated land of state farms is the lowest?(2)There is a big difference between different crops cultivated land use efficiency of different crops in the study area.The income is diminishing along with the increasing of planting scale,in the corn planting area,which shows the opposite trend in the soybean planting area.(3)The yield per hectare income,the level of agricultural machinery horsepower,the type of cultivated land use etc.show significant impact on cultivated land use efficiency.Among which horsepower level of agricultural machinery and fertilizer input are negatively related,and ought to be adjusted in the process of cultivated land use.Based on the research results above,to improve the utilization efficiency of cultivated land,it is necessary to establish a perfect policy feedback and supervisory system,improve the ecological environment of cultivated land,adjust input elements scientifically,and promote the transfer of cultivated land.In accordance with the use of a variety of ways to carry out agricultural production work,focusing on improving the efficiency of cultivated land in black soil area,to protect the black soil area to ensure the quality of cultivated land steadily.