Research On Policy Options In Utilizing And Protecting Farmland In Black Soil Region Of Northeast China

Black soil region of Northeast China is the most fertile land resources,also the biggest national commodity grain base in China.The effective protection and utilization of black land resources in northeast China is an important foundation for ensuring food security,sustainable utilization of land resources and sustainable development of agriculture.This paper takes the black soil in Northeast China as the research object,focusing on its use and protection issues.Through in-depth investigation on the status of use and protection in northeast black soil region,after comparing with Ukraine and the United States of America black land,and then learn from their successful experience of international black soil cultivated land use and protection.By data collecting and processing,a logistic model was established which is based on the survey of 319 households in Suihua City,Heilongjiang Province.Finally this paper will give the countermeasures and suggestions on protection and utilization of black soil.This research mainly done the following work:1.Comb the theoretical basis of protection and utilization of black soilregion.First,the paper defines the concept of black soil and then analyses the connotation of land use and conservation.On this basis,through the comb of the Marx's theory of land fertility,law of diminishing returns to land,economy of scale and moderate scale management,sustainable development theory,to find the theoretical basis of black soil protection and utilization.2.Analyze the present situation and problems of cultivated land use and protection in black soil of northeastern China.Using the statistical data and survey data,the paper analyses the current situation of cultivated black soil region by farmland structure,distribution and basic situation etc.The results show that the black soil region of Northeast has a huge potential for the future grain production.But the northeastern black soil resources also face three major problems: soil erosion and fertility decline;worsening agricultural ecological environment and soil harden deterioration;the reduction of black cultivated land insufficient irrigation area.3.Summarize the black soil protection experience of Ukraine and the United States that our country can use for reference.For example,American's experience in four areas: arable land legislation,farming techniques,ecological compensation and training and publicizing are worth to draw lessons from.4.Analyze the influencing factors on farmer's behavior and intention to use and protect farmland by establishing a logistic model.In this paper,by data collecting and processing,a logistic model was established which is based on the survey of 319 households in Suihua City,Heilongjiang Province.The results show that farmer's age,family labor force,agricultural income,planting area,government propaganda and subsidy policy,conservation tillage technology and supporting services are the most significant factors to effect farmers' intention.In the light of such results,this paper propose that establishing an ecological compensation system of black soil,improving farmers' farmland protection and participation awareness,expanding soil conservation tillage technology and supporting service are the effective measures to promote the farmers' enthusiasm for the use and protection of black soil.