| The aging of population is an inevitable trend of the world,most countries in the world have begun to face the challenge of aging population.China entered the aging society in 1999,In 2015,the population over 60 exceeded 220 million,accounting for about 16.1% of the total population.There are some deficiencies in the traditional way of severing for the aged.It is of great theoretical and practical significance for economic development and social stability to develop new ways of severing for the aged.The growth of the elderly population has brought a broad industrial demand,coupled with the universal implementation of two-child policy,what’s more,the structure and system of the industry in modern society should be established association with the aging of population.Therefore,the pension industry will usher in a huge opportunity for develop.In the "13th Five-Year" plan,the government have made arrangements for pension business strategy for the new period from a strategic perspective,the aim is to speed up the establishment of old-age service system,open the system space for the development of China’s pension industry.How to “severing the old people well” and “turn the old into treasure” has become the urgent task in our country.It is necessary to explore a perfect model to sever for the aged which combine the government,family and market.Which kind of model can provide better service for the elderly is an inevitable problem for every country.It is common to adopt "government & market" and "single market" mode in foreign countries.The United States,Germany,Japan,and the United Kingdom have operated the pension industry for a long time and gradually improved.This paper summarizes the development experience of the pension industry in these countries.The "three legged stool" old-age security system of the United States is a support to the pension industry,and the pension community as the main form.Besides,they set up a special pension estate and house-for-pension model;Germany also established a perfect endowment insurance system,and take the nursing insurance system,while the government give strong support in finance;Japan is one of the most serious aging countries in the world,mainly take the market mechanism to solve most needs of the elderly,pension institutions is the main mode of pension,the government set up the operation guidelines and made clear rules for the development of the industry standards;Britain take perfect system of social policy as foundation to develop the pension industry,at the same time,taking the community pattern and residential care to solve the pension problem and pension system as the old-age security.Based on the analysis of the countries above,the paper summed up the main experience of the development of pension industry.Firstly,the pension model is mainly rely on market forces and take the way of industrialization;secondly,establishing a sound pension insurance system and pension system as a policy system;thirdly,taking community pension and institutional pension as the main mode;finally,the government plays a role of guidance,and provide policy and system support development of the pension industry.On the foundation of study on development experience of the pension industry in these countries,the paper combined the weakness of China’s current pension model with the situation of Chinese elderly population,putting forward a series of countermeasures and suggestions for the development of Chinese pension industry,including the transformation of traditional ideas,strengthen government support,improving the pension insurance system,to establish a diversified pension mode,improving the hardware facilities,set up industry standard etc..The industrialization of the aged is the direction of reform to release the burden of the government,improving the quality of the aged,and solving the social problems of the aged. |
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