| Ecological security problem is a new theme of human society sustainable development in 21 st century.For the finiteness of natural resources and vulnerability of ecological environment,China is vigorously launching ecological civilization construction.In 2014,the several opinions of state council on promoting the reform and development of tourism industry pointed out that the development of tourism needs to change to intensive,and should pay attention to the protection of ecological.In 2016,Jiangxi province was listed in the first batch of national ecological civilization experimental Zone,is committed to building a beautiful China’s model in Jiangxi province to explore the new patterns of ecological civilization construction.Yingtan is committed to make the tourism industry into the important strategic pillar industry of development and upgrading of Yingtan city,the Longhu mountain scenic area within the jurisdiction of Yingtan is rich in natural and cultural heritage.Scenic area is an important carrier of tourism,the development of China’s tourism still in the initial stage,and the development of tourism resources in China is blind.Coordination of tourism development and ecological protection is an important guarantee to realize the sustainable development of scenic areas.This paper adopts Longhu mountain scenic area in Yingtan City as the research area.On the basis of consulting the domestic and foreign literatures and field investigation,analyzed the tourism land ecological problems of Longhu mountain scenic area.Based on the collected data from Longhu mountain scenic area,ENVI,Fragstats and ArcGIS software were used to evaluate the ecological of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land from the two aspects of nearly 10 years landscape pattern change analysis and ecological sensitivity evaluation.After that,combining resource characteristics of Longhu mountain scenic area,the scenic area were divided into several protection areas.Finally,the sustainable utilization countermeasures of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land were proposed.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)This paper firstly analyzed the topic selection basis of this study from research background,research purpose and research significance,and pointed out that the ecological evaluation of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land is the requirements of construction of ecological civilization,improvement of land use control and development of scenic areas.On the basis of data collection and field investigation,this paper analyzed the general situation of the research area from the perspective of general situation about scenic area development,physiographic conditions and socio-economic conditions.Then,Analyzed the influence of tourism land development and utilization of Longhu mountain scenic area on the ecological from the perspective of scenic area development,construction and the structure of industry.Comprehensive analysis shows that Longhu mountain scenic area belongs to the natural and cultural heritage site,which has the ecological vulnerability.Thus,it is necessary to evaluate the ecological of the Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land in its rapid development stage.The evaluation results can offer scientific guidance for sustainable development of scenic area and sustainable utilization of the tourism land.(2)In this paper,the human-computer interaction supervised classification method was used to interpret the land use/cover information of Longhu mountain scenic area from the 2004 Landsat-5 Landsat TM remote sensing image and 2016 Landsat-8 OLI remote sensing image by ENVI software.The remote sensing images of 2004 and 2016 were interpreted as the thematic maps of land use/cove with five types,including Cultivated land,forest land,water area,construction land,unutilized land and other.The accuracy test of remote sensing images classification results show that the overall accuracy and kappa coefficient are both above 80% and 0.8 in 2004 and 2016,both have reached the requirements of the classification accuracy.Based on the data of remote sensing images classification of Longhu mountain scenic area in 2004 and 2016,using Fragstats and ArcGIS software to analyze landscape pattern changes of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land from the perspective of the landscape pattern index in the recent 10 years.Eight landscape pattern indexes are selected to analyze landscape pattern index change from the landscape level and the class level.The land use/cover landscape of Longhu mountain scenic area has the characteristics of the patch fragmentation increase,patch shape simplicity and the area proportion inhomogeneity increase of patch types;the rate of change of construction land area is the largest;forest land and cultivated land are the two largest land in the land use/cover types,but the patch fragmentation increase and patch aggregation degree decreased.(3)In this paper,combined with the practical situation of Longhu mountain scenic area and relevant literature,from the 4 aspects of topography,natural conditions,tourism interference and scenic area planning,selected 11 indexes including elevation,slope,aspect,topographic index,distance from water,soil type,vegetation index,spots density,distance from road,scenic area overall plan and land planning to build the Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land ecological sensitivity comprehensive evaluation system.Besides,G1 method was adopted to confirm the factors weight.Then,the methods of Weighted superposition and natural breakpoint was used to divide tourism land of Longhu mountain scenic area into 5 levels sensitive areas by ArcGIS software,such as extremely sensitive area,highly sensitive area,moderately sensitive area,slight sensitive area and insensitive area.Finally,the comprehensive evaluation map of the ecological sensitivity of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land was obtained.The ecological sensitivity of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land is given priority to with the moderately sensitive and slight sensitive,and the area proportion of moderately sensitive area and slight sensitive area is 26.25% and 30.96%,respectively;while the area proportion of extremely sensitive area,highly sensitive area and insensitive area is 9.32%,15.9% and 17.57%,respectively.(4)In this paper,the ecological of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land was evaluated from two aspects of nearly 10 years landscape pattern change analysis and ecological sensitivity evaluation.Based on that,resources characteristics of the Longhu mountain scenic area were combined to divide scenic area into several protection zones,including level 1 protection zone,level 2 protection zone and level 3 protection zone,the area of protection zones at all levels accounted for 28.38%,27.09% and 44.54%.Besides,level 2 protection zones are located between level 1 protection zones and level 3 protection zones.The division of these protection zones can provide references for tourism development and ecological protection of Longhu mountain scenic area from the space.In different protection zones,the development mode and development intensity of tourism land is also different.The division of these protection zones has important guiding significance to the construction of ecological civilization,improvement of land use control and development of scenic areas.Finally,sustainable utilization countermeasures of Longhu mountain scenic area tourism land were proposed from the perspective of improving the ecological protection mechanism,dynamically monitoring of land use,adjusting and optimizing the industrial structure and integrating multi-department planning,which can provide scientific bases for the development of tourism land and the protection of ecological in the scenic area in the future.Besides,research findings of this paper can contribute to intensive and efficient utilization of land resources under the protection of the ecological and promote sustainable development of the scenic area. |
