Research On The Correlation Between Human Capital And Service Trade Competitiveness

Since the reform and opening up,with the rapid rise of the service industry,service trade has developed rapidly,and its proportion in international trade has been rising.According to WTO statistics,in 2015 the total world trade in services amounted to 9365.7 billion dollars,compared with 832.8 billion dollars in 1980,the total world trade in services increased by10.24 times.Modern service industry is a kind of human capital intensive industry with high-technology and high-management level.With the advent of knowledge economy,the structure of service trade transfers from the traditional service trade dominated by natural resources to modern service trade dominated by human capital.Human capital as a kind of advanced factors of production plays an important role in a country's service trade competitiveness.China's service trade started late,but its development speed is very fast,and the proportion in the world service trade has gradually increased.By 2015,the total amount of China's service trade reached 751 billion dollars,accounting for 8.02% of the total world service trade.Although China's service trade volume increases rapidly,but in the past decade,China's service trade has been in a deficit state,and the gap is bigger and bigger.And the knowledge-intensive service trade in China develops slowly which has a relationship with the level of human capital in China.So the obvious correlation between human capital and the service trade competitiveness has important economic and practical significance to improve the competitiveness of China's service trade and economic development.This paper introduces human capital into the research of service trade competitiveness.Firstly,based on Potter's "Diamond Model",this paper constructs the theoretical model of human capital influencing service trade competitiveness,and analyzes the mechanism and path of the influence of human capital on service trade competitiveness,which proves that there is a positive correlation between human capital and service trade competitiveness;this paper further uses the time series data of China's human capital level and service trade competitiveness to analyze the positive correlation between them,and uses cross-sectional data of human capital level and service trade competitiveness in five world's major service trade countries of United States,Britain,Germany,France and Japan to analyze the positivecorrelation between them;Then based on the theoretical model of human capital influencing service trade competitiveness,this paper uses the panel data of China and five major service trade countries,empirical test the positive correlation between human capital and service trade competitiveness,and in the process of empirical test,introduces the analysis of regional dummy variables and the lag time of human capital;finally,based on the above results,this paper puts forward some policy recommendations to enhance the competitiveness of China's service trade from the perspective of human capital.Using the methods of comparative analysis,literature research and the combination of theoretical analysis and empirical analysis to analyze and test the correlation between human capital and service trade competitiveness,the main conclusions obtained are:(1)The overall panel empirical results show that there is significant positive correlation between human capital,per capital GDP,the level of goods trade,the openness of service industry,foreign direct investment and service trade competitiveness,and the correlation between human capital and the service trade competitiveness is significant,indicates that the human capital as a kind of advanced factors of production plays a crucial role in promoting service trade competitiveness;(2)according to the empirical results with regional dummy variables,there are some regional differences in the degree of correlation between human capital and service trade competitiveness in different countries;(3)according to the regression results with time lag factor,after adding lag,the correlation coefficient between the human capital and services trade competitiveness changes,the correlation between human capital and service trade competitiveness has some lag.Therefore,there is a significant positive correlation between human capital and service trade competitiveness.Human capital is far more important than other factors of production.The improvement of the level of human capital will promote service trade competitiveness.Today,with the rapid development of knowledge economy,in order to enhance service trade competitiveness,improve the level of human capital is essential.