Research On The Pricing Of The Metro

Along with the rapid development of our country's economy and auto industry, more and more people have bought private cars, congestion is increasing seriously. Because of the advantages like high transportation capacity, no pollution, and the timeliness, Urban rail transit gets the favors of more and more people. So that many cities have built the urban rail transit. However, in the current price level, the majority of China's metro enterprises have been faced with huge losses, which brings heavy economic pressure to the government,also seriously hindered the development of metro enterprises. But the price can't be made entirely for profit, taking account of the interests of passengers at the same time. Therefore,this paper is decided to deal with the problems of tickets prices.First of all, this paper determine the pricing principle of metro, and then analysis many pricing methods, choose bi-level programming pricing method and the metered fare. Then analysis several important factors that affect pricing, including the pricing objectives, cost,demand, competition and government regulation, taking these factors into account, building the model, which can be described as: the upper level planning maximizes the profit for Metro operators, and the lower level planning minimizes the generalized travel cost of passengers, considering the competition between metro and bus. Finally, taking the Xi'an metro line 2 as an example, ensure the related parameters and take them into the model,using MATLAB programming to get the optimal solution, which is the average price of Xi'an metro line 2, and verify the applicability of the model for the planning of fare at the same time. Finally, selected the appropriate fare system for Xi'an metro line 2, on the base of the average price that has been calculated, develop the fare strategy of Xi'an metro line 2,providing reference for other cities at the same time.