Research On The Bi-level Programming Model Of High-speed Railway Ticket Price Based On Market Segmentation

According to the "Notice on Reforming and Improving Passenger Ticket Policies for High-speed Railway " issued by the National Development and Reform Commission in 2016,the price of trains is set by the Railway Corporation,which has the right to implement preferential fares based on market competition and passenger flow distribution.By studying the current situation of railway passenger transportation pricing in my country,it has revealed the problems of single high-speed railway passenger transportation pricing and lack of flexibility.There is an urgent need for research on railway passenger transportation pricing issues.In the face of fierce competition with other modes of transportation,the question of how to quickly occupy the passenger transport market by high-speed rail has become more and more important.This paper firstly sorts out and summarizes domestic and foreign literature from four aspects of pricing model,passenger travel behavior choice,pricing strategy and transportation mode competition,then introduces relevant theories and pricing methods,and analyzes the factors influencing passenger travel demand,including the characteristics of passenger travel and characteristics of passenger travel.The convenience,rapidity,economy,comfort and safety of passengers are transformed into quantitative mathematical models.Based on this,questionnaires are designed to investigate and analyze passengers’ personal attributes and travel characteristics.According to the subject of transport competition and market segment analysis,considering the high-speed railway,normal speed railway and civil aviation competition and preference of different segments of passengers,calculate the five kinds of different travel purpose passenger transport supply factors reduced costs,and then build the upper planning in railway ticket revenue maximization as the goal,The lower layer is a two-layer programming model based on the user equilibrium flow distribution model between various modes of transportation,aiming at minimizing the generalized travel cost of passengers,and the model is solved by heuristic algorithm based on sensitivity analysis.Finally,the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway is taken as an example for empirical analysis to verify the feasibility and effectiveness of the model.Results show that the bi-level programming model based on market segmentation pricing method compared with the current pricing method of single revenue increased by 6.59%,and total generalized travel cost is reduced by 47.72%,this strategy can effectively improve the railway enterprise total revenue,reduce the generalized travel cost,and fares are designated for traffic distribution has a certain guiding role.Based on the analysis of the empirical results and relevant experience,the following suggestions are put forward for railway enterprises:to establish market-oriented pricing mechanism by considering the development level of national economy and the consumption habits of passengers;In China with a large population,differential pricing is needed;To improve the competitiveness and carry out targeted strategies,the civil aviation pricing strategy should be flexible,and the corresponding pricing adjustment strategy should be implemented;In the study of high-speed railway pricing strategy,it is necessary to have a good data collection and analysis system first,and study how to obtain,record and sort out relevant high-speed railway passenger data,so as to facilitate the classification and management of passengers.