Research On The Railway Pricing System Optimization Based On The Multi-stage Bi-level Programming Model

With the rapid development of China high-speed railway and the steady improvement of people's living standards,the high-speed railways are quietly changing people's way of life.In the rapid rise of high-speed railway at the same time,the existence of its fare system problems are gradually highlighted,the traditional pricing method has to some extent restricted the development of China's high-speed railway.Faced with the existence of the fare system,the National Development and Reform Commission issued a 'on the reform and improve the high-speed rail EMU passenger fare notice' in end of 2015.This notice provides a policy basis for the adjustment of high-speed rail fares.This paper attempts to optimize the high-speed railway fares system with an improved bi-level programming model-"multi-stage bi-level programming model",which provides theoretical support for the transformation of high-speed railway market pricing.This paper provides theoretical support for the transformation of China's high-speed railway market pricing.The main work of this paper is as follows.Depth analysis of foreign excellent railway fare system and study the current situation of the typical high-speed rail line in China and points out the problems existing in our current fare system.Based on the comparative analysis of the theory and model of the fare,the paper proposes an improved multi-stage bi-level programming model,which divides the fare-making problem into two stages.The first stage is the choice of passengers for different modes of transport.Due to the different nature of the different modes of transport,passengers will choose between different modes of transport when traveling.At this stage,the competition situation between different modes of transportation in the transportation channel is analyzed,and the passenger transport market in the channel is divided into different types according to the market segmentation theory.This paper establishes a bi-level programming model based on the passenger market segmentation.The model also takes into account the interests of the high-speed railway sector and the passengers.The sensitivity analysis method is used to solve the model and obtain the optimal fare of the high-speed railway in different passenger market.The second stage is the passenger selection stage in the high-speed railway between different grades of passenger products.This stage divides high-speed railway passenger transport products according to the differences of service attributes.This paper establishes a high-speed railway fare optimization model considering the grade of passenger transport products,and obtains the multi-level fare structure by solving the model.The first innovation of this paper lies is that the consideration of the problem of pricing is divided into many stages.Secondly,the concept of market-oriented pricing into the establishment of high-speed railway fares.Thirdly,the paper divides passenger transport market and high-speed railway passenger transport products.Finally,the paper uses the multi-stage bi-level programming model to price the high-speed railway.