Study On Production Efficiency Of Big Energy Enterprises In China

Since the date of birth of the human,energy problem has always been an insurmountable topic,is the core of social concern,because it is the core of human growth and development,provides powerful support and guarantee for the rapid development of China economy,plays an important role in the history of human progress.However,the process of urbanization and industrializationcaused by economic development has caused a series of problems,such as imbalance between supply and demand,irrational consumption structure,mainly coal,environmental problems,etc.It is predicted that the world’s population will reach 7.5 billion in 2020,the total energy consumption will reach 13.749 billion tons.But due to the stock of coal resource is very limited,the traditional energy has become less and less,already cannot satisfy the needs of production activities,Combined with the characteristics of coal,will release a large number of harmful substances to the environment in the process of using,the international community is more and more concerned about the problem of co2 emissions,the problem of China’s future energy use is affected by the impact from external pressure.At present,there are a series of problems in use process for new energy,for example,cost is high,the instability,low utilization rate,so the research for energy analysis is imminent.Big energy companies as part of this special,its production efficiency to a certain extent,reflects the performance of the whole industry production,also reflect the effect of its own internal operations,so no matter from the aspects of the industry or enterprise itself,for large energy enterprise production efficiency study is very necessary.At the same time from the perspective of efficiency of examining the energy enterprise management present situation to improve the energy enterprise competitiveness and accelerate the development of China’s energy industry has important practical significance.This paper choose the method of data envelopment analysis DEA and Malmquist index method based on DEA respectively constructed large Chinese energy companies static efficiency model(including the technical efficiency and its decomposition-scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency)and dynamic efficiency model(including changes in total factor productivity index and its decomposition,technical progress and technical efficiency change index),this paper measures the efficiency of the variation in the 2011-2015 of 40 Chinese big energy listed companies and the change trend and the analysis efficiency level difference from the two dimensional angle of static and dynamic.The static analysis separately from the overall mean value,comprehensive technical efficiency,pure technical efficiency,scale efficiency,change trend,ownership,the projection of the 7 aspects,and dynamic analysis,respectively from the enterprise four years annual average TFP value,TFP value and enterprise ownership perspective.On the basis of empirical analysis by the enterprise efficiency,the paper further analyzes the factors that influence efficiency of energy enterprises,and build a tobit analysis model,explain the influence mechanism of efficiency.Finally,based on the above analysis,the paper puts forward the countermeasures from the angle of enterprise and government.Studies have shown that: sample enterprise comprehensive mean technical efficiency has not been achieved valid state,is made of pure technical efficiency and scale inefficiency caused by common,among them the influence of pure technical efficiency is more significant;Overall in the 2011-2015,the comprehensive technical efficiency increasing in addition to 2012;total factor productivity in general is in a state of decline,the technical efficiency in the growth state,while technological progress is in a state of decline,the technical efficiency is decomposed into pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are also in a rising state,but the growth in large scale efficiency;from the point of change trend,total factor productivity are volatile,2013-2014 in the growth state,2012-2013 and 2014-2015 in a state of decline;factor analysis shows the efficiency of the energy enterprises are the result of the enterprise scale factor,quality of employees,assets and equity structure,ownership form,innovation ability and government grants.At the same time,the seven factors and efficiency are showing a positive correlation,but the influence degree of various factors each are not identical,firm size、equity structure and governent grants are of no significant impact on efficiency,the other four factors significantly.