Research On Watson's Enterprise Since The Qing Dynasty

At present,the academic circles have paid close attention to the research of Watson's business in China since the Qing Dynasty.This article relies on a large number of historical archives,newspapers,letters and other literature materials,the Watson enterprises established in 1828 to 1956 business development and historical changes in the system the study.In 1828 Watson's business was born in GuangZhou,the earliest set up is "Watson's large pharmacy"(A.S.Watson & Co,Ltd.).In 1841,Watson's large pharmacy opened a semicircle in Shanghai to expand its business in China.In 1888,Watson's large pharmacy set up a total of 33 branches in China.The sales network covered China's central and southeastern coastal areas.Pharmacy early in China during the expansion of the main rely on the manufacture and sale of smoking cessation drugs to complete the primitive accumulation of capital and market influence.In the 1880 s,Watson's pharmacy began to transform its own business direction,mainly selling cosmetics,nourishing drugs and all kinds of Western medicine.With the development of the industry changes,to the mid-1890 s Watson pharmacy transition involved in the soda industry,the main production of distilled water,"Dutch water" and other drinks,1898 Watson pharmacy sub-sectors operating western medicine and soft drinks,pharmacy under the Ministry of special Soda water processing production,in 1905 and the establishment of Watson soda plantindependent operation.At this point Watson's business formed a large pharmacy with Watson's Watson's water plant based integrated enterprise.And through the three transformation of the development of Watson's business in the 1870 s to the early 20 th century reached its peak.1888 years,"Chinese and Western pharmacy" before the establishment of China's Western medicine market by foreign pharmacies monopoly,the first world war before China's soda industry is also a monopoly for foreign investors,Watson's business growth and development of China's national capital management of Western medicine industry and soda industry from the staff,Technology,market and many other areas played a role in promoting.With the gradual rise of national capital and the impact of the first world war to Watson as the representative of the foreign enterprises were hit,in 1916 Watson's steam plant was forced to transfer to the Chinese businessmen,to become China's first by the national capital of soft water business,And in the personnel,technology,research and development,management and other aspects of the leading domestic level.In 1937,the Watson's large pharmacy was taken over by the Japanese army and set up a "Watson Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd." to provide services for the Japanese invasion of China.After the end of the War of Resistance Against Japan,Watson's large pharmacy operating difficulties left a semicolon in ShangHai.After the liberation of Watson's large pharmacy shareholders from China to return home,Chinese businessmen Watson soda plant public-private joint venture into the BeiJing Food Factory,and launched the "Arctic Ocean" brand.Until 1989,Watson's business once again return to the mainland.Today's Watsons business has become a global large-scale business groups,in the international community has an important brand value and commercial status,through the Qing Dynasty since the study of Watson business can enhance their own culture,in different historical periods of business,development,transformation To provide historical reference value.