The Research Of The Nuclear Incident Emergency Evacuation Decision In China

The probability of the nuclear power incident is very low,but not zero.The nuclear incidents happened in history caused great influence and harm,in order to prevent the possibility of the nuclear incident and reduce the impact,the nuclear incident emergency preparedness becomes extremely important.For full implementation of the principle including all-time preparedness and positive compatibility,unified command and coordination,protecting the public and environment in the emergency work,the emergency management work should be done well to control and reduce the damage caused by the nuclear incident.Emergency evacuation is an important emergency protection measure during the nuclear incident to reduce the radiation harm and protect the public safety by transferring the people that may be affected by the radiation to the safe area quickly and effectively.The evacuation is the only protection measure that can prevent every exposure because of the radioactive releases if it happened before the release.So the research of nuclear incident emergency evacuation decision mechanism is of great significance.The nuclear incident emergency evacuation decision mechanism has four aspects including the judgment criterion of the evacuation,the choice of evacuation time,the evacuation area and the evacuation methods.There into,the choice of evacuation time contains the evacuation time estimate,the evacuation route and so on.This paper mainly makes investigation of some related research theories and achievements about the nuclear incident emergency evacuation decision mechanism home and abroad,analyses the distribution and its surrounding feature of nuclear power plants of China.Then by investigating the current situation of emergency evacuation decision mechanism of China and its existing problems,the paper makes detailed discussion of the evacuation decision mechanism to ensure the evacuation response action going smoothly.The paper proposes an innovative research method and expands the research scope of emergency evacuation decision mechanism.By the research of emergency evacuation decision mechanism and the evacuation time estimate model,it helps the leaders to make the decision measures and carry out the effective evacuation.It's also helpful to reduce radiation risk of the public and the social and economic expense caused by the evacuation.Besides,it plays a positive role in the estimation of the nuclear power plant site.