| With the development and transformation of China’s economic and social structure,the quantitative "demographic dividend" in China has gradually weakened,and the quality-based "demographic dividend" based on human capital accumulation will be the main driving force for promoting China’s economic development.In the context of the post-population dividend era,migrant workers have gradually become the main force of urban economic construction in China,but migrant workers are marginalized in the city due to the division of labor market and the shortage of human capital.How to solve the problem of urban employment of migrant workers is becoming more and more important to the construction of urban economy in China.The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed to gradually achieve higher quality of employment including increased employability,employment opportunities,employment stability and employment environment improvement and now there are many problems of migrant workers’ urban employment such as "labor shortage" of enterprise and"difficult to find job" of migrant workers contradictory sharp,migrant workers in employment choice and professional level in the obvious weak position,most migrant workers can only engage in low-level employment in the informal employment sector to obtain quite low payment,its social and economic status is low,and in the process of transfer employment stability is not high,resulting in migrant workers "return" and so on.These are the key to hinder the improvement of the quality of migrant workers’employment,the process of urban integration and urbanization.The human capital status of migrant workers is closely related to their employment,which is the key factor influencing the migrant workers’ career choice ability,vocational conversion ability and vocational adaptability,so it is necessary to increase the human capital investment of migrant workers.The field survey of this article are from four cities of migrant workers.Through the study of the employment situation of migrant workers in these four cities,it has a certain significant use of reference in absorbing the migrant workers in other cities in China.This paper focus on the relationship between human capital situation and employment of migrant workers in China.While the following three aspects is discussed here,formal and informal employment,stable and unstable employment,self-employment and employment of migrant workers are discussed here.First,by reviewing the existing scholar researches and data analyses,this paper introduces the current situations of migrant workers’ human capital,their employment and relative affect factors under the background of our country’s labor market.Second,through the empirical research on the relationship between human capital situation and migrant workers’ employment,their correlation is significant.On the one hand,migrant workers enrolling in informal,self-employed and unstable jobs because that is insufficient in accumulation of human capital,which impacts on the process of citizenization.On the other hand,improving migrant workers’ human capital level not only benefits their career selections but also enhances their career levels.In addition,improving the education level of migrant workers is effectively promote their formal employment and increase job stability.Higher education level may raise their employment level by opportunistic self-employment as well.The higher the migrant workers’ skills level is,the more stable their jobs are and the more likely they are being employed.It is also argued that migrant workers with longer working years tend to be informally employed.Finally,concerning "rational employment" behavior contributed by factors such as the low human capital of migrant workers and segmentation of labor market,this paper suggests solving the problem about the skills shortage of migrant workers’ employment via two aspects:improving external investment environment of human capital and enhancing migrant workers’ internal competent.They would improve the current situation of low employment level for migrant workers and make migrant workers obtain stable jobs during migration.Also,these suggestions would further enhance the development and the circulation of our country’s human resources as well as the economy and society’s sustainable development. |
