Analysis Of China's Export Commodity Structure Optimization

Since the reform and opening-up,China's foreign trade degree deepened gradually.China's commodities exports have also risen sharply.The total amount of China's export commodities increased from $9.75 billion in 1978 to $230,563 billion in 2017,an increase of 6.22% annually.The proportion of total China's exports to total world exports also has been a rise in the overall state of 1.05% in 1980,increased to 4.38% in 2001,and by 2016 the proportion increases to 15.44%.At first,this paper uses the data of the United Nations database and China Statistical Yearbook at home and abroad and analyzes China's export commodity structure by four aspects in these 37 years of all kinds of changes.Mainly analyzed the proportion of total China's exports to total world exports,Primary Commodities and Manufactured Goods accounted for changes;the Capital and Technology-Intensive Products(CTIP)and the change of the Labor-Intensive Products(LIP);the changes of some main export commodities.Through these changes of 37 years sum up main problems of export commodity structure: Unreasonable structure of China's export commodity structure,low technical content and stressful issues to change the structure of commodity.To get more comprehensive analysis to solve these problems,this paper uses the Trade Competitiveness index and Revealed Comparative Advantage index to select a set of data closer to the export commodity structure change(namely degree of export commodity structure optimization,EXPS).Combined with the human capital,foreign direct investment(the proportion of actual utilization of foreign investment to the total industrial output value),currency movements,the level of technological innovation and the change of international environment factors to the empirical analysis EXPS.The results show that: human capital,exchange rate changes and innovation level has promoting effect on EXPS.For every 1% increase in human capital,EXPS will increase by 13.20%.For every 1% increase in the exchange rate,EXPS increased 2.86%.For every 1% increase in the level of technological innovation,EXPS will increase by 6.58%.Foreign direct investment and international environment are negatively correlated with EXPS.Foreign direct investment in FDI increases by 1%,and EXPS decreases by 0.25%.For every 1% increase in WTO accession,EXPS decreased by 0.42%,and the global financial crisis increase every 1%,EXPS reduces by 0.94%.According to the theoretical analysis and the results of the empirical analysis,the solution is proposed to improve the capital abundance and improve the level of human capital and technological innovation.The policy recommendations: first,increase education investment and investment in health sector construction;Change the investment mode,adjust the talent demand structure,and promote the balanced development of education in China.Second,increase R&D investment and encourage people to innovate.Strengthening protection of intellectual property rights;Encourage more enterprises to carry out independent innovation.Third,guide the export commodities changing to green environmental ones.The main conclusion of this paper is that the change of factor endowment will change the structure of the export commodities of a country.The change of the comparative advantage of goods is the development requirement for the growth of economy and the goods export.When optimizing the structure of export commodities,we should pay attention to the accumulation of human capital and the improvement of technology level.