The Analysis On The Causes And Differences Of Traditional And Non-traditional Countries' Antidumping

The use of anti-dumping is to protect the development of related domestic enterprises.Before the 1980s,the U.S.,the European Community,Canada,Australia,and New Zealand used anti-dumping measures.Prusa and Skeath(2002)considered them as a traditional anti-dumping country;until the 1990s,Mexico,India,South Africa,Turkey and other countries began to launch anti-dumping activities,Prusa and Skeath(2002)considered them as a non-traditional countries to launch anti-dumping.According to statistics compiled by the WTO data,a total of 45 foreign countries initiated anti-dumping investigations between 2001 and 2015.During this period,a total of 3439 anti-dumping cases were encountered by various countries,of which 977 were initiated by foreign countries,accounting for 28.4%of the total;and 2462 were registered by non-traditional anti-dumping countries,accounting for 71.6%of the total.For foreign anti-dumping cases filed by traditional countries such as the United States and Europe,governments,scholars,and corporations of various countries are concerned about earlier and have a good strategy to deal with them;but they lacked vigilance and did not pay enough attention to the "non-traditional countries”that later joined the anti-dumping ranks.In response,the number of anti-dumping cases initiated by non-traditional countries has risen rapidly,which has caused serious damage to trade exports of many countries and has also become an important obstacle to the free development of trade.Therefore,it is necessary to strengthen the attention and research on the causes of foreign anti-dumping in non-traditional countries and raise the awareness of prevention so as to guarantee the healthy and rapid development of exports of all countries.At present,the analysis of the causes of the initiation of anti-du mping cases has mainly focused on macroeconomic factors.In recent years,some scholars have begun to conduct research on the factors affecting the initiation of anti-dumping politics,systems,and retaliation.In order to study the causes of anti-dumping in more detail and in depth,this paper summarizes the existing literature on the causes of anti-dumping,and organizes the influential factors that have been studied into the model for empirical analysis.These include macroeconomic,institutional,political,retaliation,and international environmental factors,and strive to thoroughly explore and analyze the causes of anti-dumping.In addition,all the previous scholars' researches on the causes of anti-dumping were conducted by selecting representative countries or countries as samples.The largest number of sample countries is only about 20,so in order to study anti-dumping causes more comprehensively,this paper selected All anti-dumping countries in a period of time studied the sample.At the same time,this article will classify the anti-dumping sponsor countries,and classify all sample countries into two categories:"traditional countries" and "non-traditional countries" to explore the similarities and differences of the reasons for filing anti-dumping lawsuits in different countries.This article selects all the countries with a global anti-dumping number of 1 or more from 2001 to 2015 as a sample country,a total of 45 countries.We selected the negative two-binary regression model of the bi-directional fixed effect to conduct an empirical test,and first carried out an overall test of the entire sample.Explore the general causes of the initiation of anti-dumping;then,introduce whether or not to conduct regression analysis for the interaction terms of dummy variables and main explanatory variables for non-traditional countries.As a result,it was found that economic factors are still the leading factor in the initiation of anti-dumping cases initiated by foreign countries.Exchange rates,GDP growth rates,and unemployment rates have a significant impact on the initiation of anti-dumping measures by various countries;among them,the number of anti-dumping cases has grown in a pro-cyclical manner relative to domestic economic growth rates;Rising unemployment,exchange rate appreciation,and rising import penetration will all lead to more frequent anti-dumping initiatives.The results of the article also show that there are significant differences in the causes of anti-dumping filings between traditional countries and non-traditional countries.Traditional anti-dumping laws have a greater impact on economic factors,while non-traditional countries have more anti-dumping lawsuits to consider.