| It is an important basis for protecting the ecology,realizing sustainable development and raising the income of farmers and herdsmen.Tianzhu Tibetan autonomous county is subordinate to the state-level counties of wuwei,gansu province,is the state-level demonstration county of returning farmland to forest and grass pilot project,according to their different ecological problems,because of the traditional grazing primarily natural operation mode,the grassland ecological environment is getting worse,not reasonable use and over-reclamation,overgrazing,stripping and damage factors,restricted the local rural social development.In this paper,by analyzing the problems of tianzhu county grassland animal husbandry,the data collection method,household surveys,interviews,investigation and analysis,mainly demonstrates the urgency of returning farmland to grassland in tianzhu county policy implementation,the rationality of the policy implementation measures,farmland and grassland ecology of agricultural development and economic influence,the field ecosystem benefit analysis and grass policy influence the sustainable development in many ways,such as all-round three-dimensional inspection.Verified the necessity of the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to forest and grass,according to the mountain around the objective conditions and the requirements of the animal husbandry industry production,through stratified random sampling,the three towns of 150 farmers and herdsmen to MuHu research field.The study found that the implementation of the policy of returning farmland to grass increased the farmers’ income in the short term,and the increase in the farmers’ income after the fallow was mainly from the government subsidies and the transfer of labor force after the fallow.At the same time,we shouldstrengthen the ecological construction,innovate in the grassland environment monitoring,the reform of the grassland supervision system and the management system,comprehensively control the 200,000 mu,and control nearly 2 million mu.Its achievements are as follows:1.Through the conversion of grassland,has obtained the certain ecological benefits,the herbage coverage increased from 81.3% to 97.5%,forage seeds proportion increased by 4.78%,grass yield from the original 120.15 kg to 336.43 kg,Du ZaCao ratio from 8.35% to 8.35%.At the same time three township MuHu after the implementation of returning farmland to forest and grass breeding pigs,cattle and sheep quantity increased.2.By returning farmland and grassland,and achieved a certain economic benefits,has made the forage yield increased by 20 to 30%,1.2 million kilograms of grass products,6000plant-eating livestock breeding,to realize the economic value of 1 million yuan.After deterioration grassland after closed grazing prohibition,economic benefits rose 55.9 million yuan;At the same time,the cub survival rate is as high as 95% above,livestock mortality rate is only 6%.3.In 2000 after the implementation of returning farmland to forest policy,the broad masses of farmers and herdsmen income level increased significantly,from the actual income of farmers and herdsmen in 1998 rose 1147.47 yuan per person to 5946 yuan/person,increase nearly five times the average annual growth of 7.15%.By Logit model analyzes the different herdsmen’s attitude toward policy,suggests the government subsidies for farmers and herdsmen stopped,farmers and herdsmen income austerity,a new round of farmland and grassland project after government subsidies of farmers has become a common desire.Returning farmland to grassland is necessary for the sustainable development of agricultural economy,returning farmland and grassland in tianzhu county as the demonstration county,is also the alpine meadow area,gansu province to study the farmland ecosystem,in policy decisions in alpine meadow region,specific implementation methods,has important significance... |
PDF Full Text Request