Research On The Determinants Of The Expected Income Deprivation Of Urban And Rural Residents In China

With the rapid development of economy in China,people's expected income will increase.However,people's actual income does not increase in the same proportion.The gap between actual income and expected income is greater.As a result,the degree of people's happiness and satisfaction with life will be reduced,and people will have a feeling of deprivation of income.Based on this situation,this study will introduce the relative deprivation of residents' sense of happiness and fairness into the study of income satisfaction.The actual income satisfaction is often compared with expectations,therefore,this study introduces the concept of expected income deprivation to study the income satisfaction of urban and rural residents.In order to reduce the residents' expected income deprivation and enhance their life satisfaction and happiness,this paper studies the factors that affect the expected income deprivation of urban and rural residents,including four parts: the first part is the theoretical basis and literature review,including rational expectations,the income expectation,the related introduction of expected income,the income fairness and the definition and measurement index of relative deprivation;the second part is the measurement and measurement model of expected income deprivation,which includes the measure of relative deprivation,individual expected income deprivation and objective expected income,as well as an introduction to the Ordered Logistic model and OLS model;the third part is the empirical analysis of the factors affecting the expected income deprivation of urban and rural residents in China;the fourth part is the conclusion and policy suggestions.The first part mainly introduces and summarizes the relevant theoretical foundation.The second part builds a measurement model and a measure of expected income deprivation on the basis of the first part.According to the second part of the measurement model and measurement method,the third part empirically analyzes the factors affecting the expected income deprivation of urban and rural residents in China.Based on the empirical analysis results of the third part,the fourth part gives the conclusion and the corresponding policy suggestions on the factors affecting the expected income deprivation of urban and rural residents in China.Based on the results of empirical analysis,this paper draws the following conclusions: first of all,regarding residents' subjective expected income deprivation,among the demographic variables,the expected income deprivation of men is obviously higher than that of women,and the effect of age on expected income deprivation presents an inverted "U",a higher level of education will significantly enhance the residents expected income deprivation,high income levels will significantly reduce the residents expected income deprivation,the political outlook has a significant positive impact on rural residents' expected income deprivation.In the family relationship variables,the increase of household income will significantly enhance residents' expected income deprivation.Among the regional differences,the expected income deprivation of urban residents in developed areas is obviously higher,and the economic status has a significant negative impact on the expected income deprivation of rural residents,the more trust the outside world,the lower the expected income deprivation of residents,when residents attribute more factors such as inequality to personal reasons,the expected income deprivation is lower and vice versa;second,for residents' objective expected income deprivation,men have higher expected income deprivation,urban residents' education level has a significant positive impact on their objective expected income deprivation,while that in rural areas is not significant.Residents in cities and towns engaged in white-collar work have a higher expected income deprivation.Residents of state-owned enterprises are deprived of their expected incomes more than those in foreign enterprises,for rural residents,the residents who engage in non-agricultural work has far lower expected income deprivation value than ones who engage in agricultural work.Compared with the previous studies,the innovations of this paper are mainly reflected in three aspects: first,it establishes the measurement model of expected income deprivation for individuals and groups,which provides a good basis for the measurement of expected income deprivation;the second is to study the influence factors of residents' expected income deprivation,and the article complements the previous researches most of which focus on the influencing factors of income;third,using the CGSS data of 2010 and 2013,the subjective and objective aspects were studied separately,with good contrast and reference.