Comparative Research On Urban Competitiveness In The Northeast Major Cities—based On Niche Theory

Since the reform and opening up,China's economy has made great achievements,and has become the world's second largest economy,the city ushered in a great opportunity to flourish,high-speed forward.Since entering in twenty-first Century,the scale and quantity of our country have been increasing rapidly,and the process of urbanization has been accelerated.In the development of modern cities,people have begun to introduce ecological theory to the development of the city.The old industrial base of the northeast gathered a large number of backbone enterprises of our country,which play a pivotal role in major technical equipment and defense technology industry and other fields.But at the same time,The Northeast still faces many difficulties such as private economic development lags behind,industrial structure is not reasonable,a serious brain drain and so on,When faced with external changes in the situation,The Northeast difficulties will be prominent,and will influence urban development and people's lives.Therefore,a comprehensive analysis and evaluation of urban development in Northeast China has a very important significance.Scholars agree that urban development mode should be diversified,and shouldn't take the city economic growth as the main basis of development policy,otherwise it will lead to the disorderly development of cities.Evaluation of domestic and international urban development include that urban competitiveness,the city's comprehensive strength,the assessment of sustainable development etc.which provide some guidance to urban development research and practice.But many problems still need to be solved such as lack of the unity of competitiveness and comprehensive strength,the index system lack of theoretical foundation,lack of analysis underlying causes of competitive system.Therefore,in this paper,the ecological niche theory is introduced into the evaluation of urban development.Niche is that organization or individual which has a specific location in specific environment.Not only consider their own development factors,also environmental and relationship affect are considered.So evaluate the northeastern city competitiveness correctly help correct understanding of their own city situation.To develop the right strategy to compete with regional cooperation,thus contributing to a reasonable,orderly competition and active cooperation among cities.In the development of modern cities,people have begun to develop the concept of ecological theory into the city were.Using the relevant theory and some indicators of ecological theory to the development of the city,the development of enterprises and the development of urban system,the urban development is more efficient,healthy and harmonious.This paper set Harbin,Shenyang,Changchun,Daqing and Qiqihar,Dalian,Anshan city as the research object.Mainly obtained the following findings:(1)On the basis of proposed urban competitiveness concept,determine the urban competitiveness evaluation index by literature,interviews and questionnaires.Optimization scientifically and establish ecological perspective of urban competitiveness evaluation system eventually.Applying theory to practice,estimating the absolute and relative competitiveness of major cities in Northeast China by urban competitiveness evaluation system based on niche theory.And finally concluded the absolute and relative rankings of competitiveness.(2)For the evaluation conclusion,put forward the suggestion of improving the competitiveness of the main cities in the northeast.The main development strategy,dislocation development strategy,talent development strategy,etc.