Composition Of Birds In Heihe Airport And Study On Bird Strike Risk Assessment

This article is from December 2017 to December 2018,ecological survey of birds at Heihe Airport in Heihe city,heilongjiang province,including bird resource survey and risk bird assessment.In the bird resources survey,The Heihe Airport and its surrounding habitats are divided into five types:woodland,farmland,grassland,water area and residential area.The bird resources of each habitat type were investigated by transect belt method.The survey results of bird resources within 5 km of Heihe Airport and its surroundings are as follows:According to the classification system of the third edition of?Chinese bird classification and distribution?directory compiled by academician Zheng Guangmei,There are 113 species of birds,15 orders,23 families,There were 56 species of passerine birds,accounting for 49.56%of the total.There were 71 species of summer migratory birds,accounting for 62.83%of the total.There were 30 species of resident birds,accounting for 26.55%of the total.There were 8 species of winter migratory birds,accounting for 7.08 percent of the total.There were 4 species of migratory birds,accounting for 3.54%of the total.There are 89 species belonging to 14 orders and 29 families in spring.In summer,58 species belong to 14 orders and 29 families.In autumn,73 species belong to 13 orders and 28 families.28 species belong to 7 orders and 14 families in winter.There were 77 species of grassland in the five habitat types.There are 65 species of woodland;There are 37 kinds of farmland.There are 40 species of water;There are 33 species in residential areas.The bird risk index assessment method used in this paper is based on the Us BAM bird risk index assessment method developed by Geo Insight international co.,ltd.and the Us air force:R=lgX.Taking the distance coefficient and behavior coefficient into consideration,a new method for evaluating the risk index of birds was proposed based on density,body weight,distance coefficient and behavior coefficient.According to the assessment method of bird risk index,the bird risk assessment results of Heihe Airport are as follows:R>2 extremely dangerous birds have small mouth crow,magpie,ring-necked pheasant,domestic pigeon four kinds;The more dangerous birds with 1 R<2 include 23 species,including kestrel,quail,mountain dove,goshawk,jay,common cormorant,grey-head bunting,tripeta bunting,and sparrows;R<1 are still at risk of bird strike.The risk index of each habitat was calculated by summing the risk values of birds in each habitat,and the results were as follows:Spring and summer are the same R grassland>R forest>R farmland>R water>R residential;Autumn R woodland>R grassland>R farmland>R water>R residential;Winter R woodland>R grassland>R farmland>R water>R residential.Different habitat types around different airports have different composition of natural birds,and different assessment methods of bird risk index have different results.This paper aims to explore a set of simple,scientific and universal assessment methods of bird risk index.In this way,it is convenient for different airports to learn and learn from each other,and bird strike prevention countermeasures can also be targeted to alleviate the pressure of bird strike prevention,reduce the risk of bird strike,and thus reduce the probability of bird strike events.