Study On Classified Collection And Treatment Of Rural Domestic Garbage In Shenyang

At present,most rural garbage is local dumps,and rarely sents to landfill site for disposal,which leads to the township landfill sites are difficult to operate.Not only occupy land,but also pollute the environment,and damage human health.An effective waste management system should be established.Reasonable garbage collection and treatment technology need to be selected to achieve the target of reduction,harmfulness and recycling.By questionnaires and experiments,yield and characteristics of rural household garbage in Shenyang were determined.The collection and treatment mode of rural household garbage collection was established,based on combining with coarse classification principle,selecting appropriate garbage disposal technology,problem diagnosis and economic benefit analysis.The questionnaires and experimental results show that the per capita output of domestic garbage in Shenyang is 1.38 kg/day.The ordinary household garbage accounts for more than 50% in wehgt,and productive waste(yard waste)is around 30%.The average moisture content of garbage is 25.47%,and the average content of organic matter is about 9%.The calorific value is about 2100 kJ/kg for mixed garbage,which is insufficient to maintain the calorific value required for spontaneous combustion.The heat value can reach 12000 KJ/Kg,and the incineration effect is better after separating out the kitchen waste and residue.If the food waste is completely dried,the calorific value reaches 9000KJ/Kg,which can also be incinerated.According to the output and characteristics of garbage,reasonable treatment process is that classified collection as the precondition,and incineration as the main technology and composting as supplementary technology.The mixed garbage should adopt two-stage incineration method.Initial temperature should be controlled at 300°C to 500°C,and the termination temperature should be above 1000°C.After incineration,the residue shows characteristics of irregularity and porosity,and the heavy metal is not detected in slag.With point of view of environmental protection and resource utilization,residues after incineration have some value for utilization.The kitchen waste has a high moisture content,and aerobic compost can be selected for resource-based treatment.Add a small amount of wood chips and straw shaggy waste,dark brown or black compost after composting,and the structure of the compost is relatively sparse.pH is weakly alkaline;the EC value is less than 9.0ms/cm;and the C/N is reduced to 16:1.Compost has reached the standard of decomposing and meets the requirements of composting.Combined with the cases of spontaneous waste disposal of the villagers,this paper analyzes the existing problems of classification collection and treatment in rural areas in Shenyang.According to the traditional mode,the classification and collection processing mode of Shenyang rural household garbage was established: the source of garbage can be divided into productive garbage,general household garbage and construction garbage;general household garbage include recyclable refuse,hazardous waste and non-recyclable garbage.As to the treatment technology system,Incineration is the main preferred treatment method and composting as a supplement,landfill treatment is a guarantee chioce.Through the analysis of economic benefit,and on the basis of making full use of existing waste disposal facilities,the one-time investment for the additional classified collection facilities is approximately 90 to 100 million yuan,and the cost savings is approximately 110 million yuan per year.This model is easy to use and needs less investment.It reduces the cost of garbage collection and treatment,reduce the pollution impact of the refuse and garbage on the environment,and effectively achieves the goal of reducing,and harmless disposal of rural waste.