The Spatial Econometricstudy On China's Carbon Emission Efficiency Of Tourism And Its Influencing Factors

As the largest and fastest growing industry in the world today,tourism has more related industries and strong energy-driven effects,which in turn has a great impact on carbon emissions and is an important area for energy conservation and emission reduction in our country.Improving the carbon emissions efficiency of tourism is a key path to tourism's carbon reduction.Therefore,It is of great significance to measure and analyze China's carbon emissions efficiency of tourism and its influencing factors scientifically to promote the sustainable development of tourism,which can provide an important reference for the low carbon transition of China's tourism industry.In view of this,this paper estimates the carbon emissions efficiency of tourism of 30 provinces in mainland China from 2000 to 2015 from static and dynamic perspectives by using the Slack-Based Measure(SBM)considering the unexpected output and Malmquist-Luenberger index.On this basis,the methods of the non-parametric Kernel density estimation and space quartile is applied to reveal their evolving characteristics in time and spatial differentiation.Secondly,the spatial correlation of China's tourism carbon emissions efficiency are analyzed by adopting Moran's I index.At last,with the help of the Spatial Durbin Model,this paper analyzes the main impact factors of carbon emissions efficiency of tourism.The results show that:(1)The average value of China's static carbon emissions efficiency of tourism from 2000 to 2015 was 0.603.There was 39.7%improvement from the production frontier,and the space development was extremely uneven.The distribution of carbon emissions efficiency of tourism changed from "single peak" to "three peaks" to "twin peak" over time,facing the problem of uncoordinated development.The average dynamic efficiency of tourism carbon emissions during the study period was 1.090,and the growth was mainly due to the improvement of technological progress,while the contribution of technical efficiency was relatively small at present.(2)The spatial distribution pattern of China's provincial tourism carbon emissions efficiency has been changing with time,but it has maintained a relatively stable spatial distribution pattern in the three major regions,showing a general distribution pattern of gradient decreasing in eastern,central and western regions,and forming a spatial distribution pattern of "high in the eastern and low in the western".What's more,the carbon emissions efficiency of tourism in the neighboring regions is basically similar,and it has obvious spatial agglomeration characteristics.(3)The carbon emissions efficiency of China's tourism industry has a significant positive spatial correlation and spatial spillover effects.To be specifically,the level of tourism technology,the level of economic development,the industrial structure and the degree of openess exert significantly positive impact on the tourism carbon emissions efficiency of both its own province and the surrounding provinces,The property right structure of tourism has a significant negative impact on the province's own carbon emissions efficiency of tourism,while the impact on that of the surrounding provinces is not obvious.The tourism economy scale and the urbanization level have a negative external influence on the carbon emissions efficiency of tourism,but the effect of education on the carbon emissions efficiency of tourism is not significant.Based on these results,some differentiated of carbon reduction countermeasures are put forward.