Restoration Evaluation For Huangshui National Wetland Park In Xining City Of Qinghai Province

Effectiveness evaluation is a fundamental basis for acceptance tests after wetland restoration projects and later management.A case study was conducted in the Huangshui National Wetland Park in Qinghai Province.First,data of wetland in Qinghai-Tibet plateau for 2012 and 2017 were obtained by field investigation,lab tests,questionnaire surveys,and historical data analysis to build a health and a benefit evaluation model systems for plateau wetland.The comprehensive health index(CHI),comprehensive benefit index(CBI)and restoration effectiveness index(REI)were developed to allow for time-specific and region-specific restoration effectiveness evaluations of four main wetlands(including Haihu wetland,Xigang wetland,Huoshaogou wetland and Ninghu wetland)of Huangshui River.Then we analyzed the obstacle factors of health and benefit and revealed trade-offs or synergies relationships between the health and benefits of this wetland.The results were listed as follows:(1)Interannual variation: the restoration project had improved the most of health and benefit indicators status,health response status and ecological benefit of this wetland,but health pressure state had not been significantly restored.The park's overall CHI increased from 0.49 in 2012 to 0.63 in 2017,representing a REI of 0.14.The overall CBI increased from 0.57 in 2012 to 0.77 in 2017,representing a REI of 0.2.The recovery rate of health and benefit was not synchronous as the benefits for benefits were recovered more faster.(2)Seasonal variation: the state of health and benefit indicators in summer were better than in winter.Winter environment would reduced Health pressure but limited the development of benefits.The health of this wetland were in good status in summer(0.67)and winter(0.6).The benefit form good(0.74)to general(0.43).Health and benefits had the same tendency to change but the degree of change was totally different.(3)Spatial variation: Obvious spatial variability in the park's indicators and Criterion was observed.Spatially,the CHI values of the Haihu Wetland,Xigang Wetland,Huoshaogou Wetland,and Ninghu Wetland were 0.67,0.65,0.58,and 0.58,respectively,suggesting that the first two wetlands were in good health while the others were in general health.the CBI values of these wetlands were 0.63,0.67,0.51,and 0.66,respectively,suggesting that only Huoshaogou wetland was in general benefit while the others were in good benefit.(4)Obstacle analysis: average annual minimum temperature and wetland protection awareness were the biggest obstacles to health.The ecological benefits were the most difficult to be developed,especially the biodiversity benefit.(5)Tradeoff and synergistic relationships: between benefits,benefits and health were mainly based on synergetic relationship,which is beneficial to the development of wetland benefits.There were tradeoffs and synergies among the three kinds of benefits.In summary,the wetland management departments should regularly evaluated the health and benefit of wetlands in different space-time scale.And then the evaluation results,the obstacle factors of health and benefit,as well as Tradeoff and synergistic relationships were expected to provide a accurate reference for future wetland restoration and conservation projects in plateau.