| Since "Eastern Helan Mountain wine" has obtained the product certification of national geographical indication in 2003,it has gained great public attetion and been popular among consumers.It is crucial for the sustainable and healthy development of Eastern Helan Mountian wine industry that builds regional wine brand and promotes wine quality and brings regional brand effect into full play,and it has been highly valued by the regional government,wine producers and sales operators.The rapid and effective identification of Eastern Helan Mountain wine is of great significance in resisting counterfeit and shoddy products and safeguarding reputation of the products.However,the traceability methods and traceability indicators for the origin of Eastern Helan Mountain wine haven't been effectively constructed yet.Therefore,it is necessary to carry out research on the origin traceability of the Eastern Helan Mountain.Based on the cognitive investigation of geographical indication areas in Eastern Helan,the methods of combining field sampling with indoor analysis have been adopted,content and change characteristics of mineral elements in soil and wine were analyzed which was located in geographic indications areas.The fingerprint analytic technology of mineral elements can be used to trace the origin of grape wine,combining with multivariate statistics to establish the index system of origin traceability.It provides a theoretical basis for the study of rapid identification technology of Eastern Helan Mountain,and provides help for the construction and maintenance of the wine brand in the geographical indication areas,and promotes the development of the Eastern Helan Mountain wine industry.At the same time,it will provide reference for the study of the Origin Traceability Technology of other geographical indication products in Ningxia(Zhong Ning wolfberry,Lingwu long jujube,etc.).The results showed that:1.The content and change characteristics of soil mineral elements.(1)There were great generalities in vertical distribution characteristics of soil mineral elements where the seven grape planting areas of geographical indications areas in the Eastern Helan mountain:the vertical differentiation of mineral elements content was obvious,and it gradually reduced the content of mineral elements with the soil depth increased.The highest content of P element in some planting areas was between 20 and 40cm of the soil layer,this was mainly related to the way of fertilizing that ditch outside the grapevine(20 to30cm).(2)The soil of high content elements,low content elements and micro content elements in the geographical indications areas of Eastern Helan Mountain had spatial differences in different grape planting areas.The elements of K,Ca,Na,Mg,Fe,Al,Mn and Cu were significantly different at the P<0.01 level.The contents of K,Ca and Na showed that:the northern desert grey area(Zhihui Yuanshi chateau,Helan Jiadi chateau,Hedong chateau)were higher than those in the middle and south parts of the YellowRiver silt area(Lilan chateau,Huida vineyard,Guangxia vineyard,Xixiawang vineyard.),which was related to the alkaline soil properties in the northern grey desert area.Because of the increase of Fe content in alkaline soil after long time irrigation,the content of Fe element in the middle and south parts of the YellowRiver silt area was higher than northern desert grey area.(3)The soil in the geographical identification areas of Eastern Helan Mountain was rich in mineral elements such as K,Ca,Mg and Fe,and the contents of Cu,Zn,Ni and Cr did not exceed the national soil environmental quality standard;However,when the soil depth is 0-20cm and 20-40cm,the content of As was excessive,which needs to be highly valued.2.The content and change characteristics of mineral elements in wine.(1)The content of high-content mineral elements in the wines which produced in the seven grape planting areas located in the Eastern Helan Mountain's geographical area was overall higher,the differences between regions were larger.The K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Al,and Mn elements were significantly different at the 0.01 level,Na,P,Cu,Zn,and Ni elements were significantly different at the 0.05 level.There was a strong correlation between spatial distribution of mineral elements in wine and soil.(2)The content of heavy metal elements Cu,Zn,Ni,and Cr in the seven grape planting areas located in the Eastern Helan Mountain's geographical area was relatively low.Among them,the content of Cr element was slightly exceeded in Zhihui Yuanshi chateau,Helan Jiadi chateau and Hedong chateau,and the content of other elements was within the scope of the International Organization for Grapes and Wine(OIV)standard.3.Preliminary exploration of wine mineral elements,origin.(1)Correlation analysis:there was a strong correlation between mineral elements in soil and wine,the elements of K,Ca,Mg,Fe,Na,Mn,P,Al,Cu,Zn,and Ni can be used as the screening index for tracing the origin of mineral elements in grape geographical indications areas of Eastern Helan Mountain.(2)Principal component analysis:a total of three principal components were extracted,the elements of K,Mg,Fe,Al,P,Ca,Mn,Na and Ni can be used as the characteristic mineral elements of wine in the geographical indications areas of Eastern Helan Mountain,which carriedthe enough information about regional feature.It is further proved that these elements can be used to trace the origin of grape wine.(3)Stepwise discriminant analysis:five important elements of Ca,Mg,Al,and Fe were selected for the traceability of the wine of geographical indication areas in Eastern Helan Mountain.It can effectively discriminate the origin of wines from Zhihui Yuanshi chateau,Helan Jiadi chateau and Hedong chateau and Huida vineyard,and the correct rate of discrimination reached 100%,the correct discriminating rate between the Lilan chateau and Xixiawang vineyard was relatively low,which was 44.44%and 33.33%respectively.The overall correct discrimination rate was relatively low,which was 80.95%.Based on this,it can be explained that the traceability of mineral elements on the small-scale origin has certain feasibility,but it is not good for discrimination of the place where the distance is too close. |
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