| Chishui River is the only tributary with no dam built in the mainstream of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.Both sides of the Chishui River are rich in wild animal and plant resources,such as Chishui and Zhuhai,and some national nature reserves have been established in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.Chishui River is honored as the heroic river,the fine wine river,the beautiful river,and the ecological river.It has important protection value.The development of famous wines in China and abroad,such as national wine Maotai and custom wine,is closely related to the water environment of the Chishui River.Because the Chishui River is a feature of trans-provincial rivers,there are many difficulties in the protection of water resources in the Chishui River Basin.In October 2017,the "National Ecological Civilization Experimental Zone(Guizhou)Implementation Plan" was proposed based on the actual conditions in Guizhou Province,combined with the characteristics of Guizhou's karst topography,starting from the actual situation,with the "Colorful Guizhou Provincial Park" as the total The goal is to use the “ green ” of Guizhou as the main tone,ecological harmony as the basic connotation,human-centeredness,and the harmony of nature,and to give full play to the conservation-oriented production methods,and to give full play to the advantages of Guizhou's beautiful scenery and build the Guizhou Provincial Park.According to this “ Implementation Plan ”,the complete creation of Guizhou Provincial Park Province will inevitably require the participation of Chishui River protection and the improvement of the Chishui River protection system.General Secretary Xi Jinping emphasized that Guizhou must maintain the two bottom lines of development and ecology and handle the relationship between the two.This series of plans must be fully implemented and implemented,so that the development of Guizhou can be achieved along with ecological protection.According to the spirit of Xi Jinping'sspeech,the Chishui River Basin in Guizhou must also maintain the two bottom lines of development and ecology and handle the relationship between the two.The pollution prevention and control of the Chishui River in Guizhou must also keep pace with the national and Guizhou ' s rule of law for ecological civilization.Steps,especially in the face of the relatively grim pollution situation in Chishui River,from a legal point of view,focusing on the overall goal of building a colorful “Guizhou Provincial Park Province ” with ecological beauty and rich people,a study was conducted on the legal issues of pollution in the Guizhou section of Chishui River.Proposing corresponding laws and countermeasures for pollution prevention in a targeted manner have strong practical and theoretical significance.This article is divided into four chapters to study the legal issues and countermeasures for pollution prevention and control in Chishui River,Guizhou.The first chapter mainly elaborates on the reason and significance of the topic selection,the situation of literature review at home and abroad,the research object and research method,and the innovation of the research.The status quo of the current water environment in the Guizhou section of the Chishui River is taken as the starting point,and the domestic and foreign researches are combed.Document research methods,field investigation methods,and comparative research methods are used to thoroughly study the status of pollution and find a solution.In terms of innovation,the study found that there are still existing old and new legal issues in the pollution of Chishui River,and in response to these problems,it proposed legal measures to amend and improve the relevant systems of the Regulations for the Protection of Chishui River Basin in Guizhou Province.It is proposed to establish the “Water,Water,and Chishui River Water Pollution Prevention and Control Joint Prevention and Control System” to establish the joint efforts of Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan Provinces to implement pollution prevention and control for the Chishui River,jointly enforce the law,and promote the development and protection of the Chishui River water environment.Upstream and downstream joint prevention and control jointly guard the green ecology of the Chishui River.It is proposed to establish the "Intra-Provincial Eco-compensation System of the Chishui River in Yunnan,Guizhouand Sichuan Provinces",and the three provinces jointly strengthen the ecological protection and water pollution control throughout the Chishui River.The second chapter mainly summarizes the pollution status and pollution causes of the Chishui River in Guizhou,so as to get an overall understanding of the current state of the water environment in the Guizhou section of the Chishui River.In recent years,due to the industrialization and urbanization of the upper reaches of the Chishui River,Accelerate the pollution of the Chishui River water environment.A large number of enterprises such as brick making,coal mining,papermaking,and brewing have developed in large numbers.Some of these enterprises are lagging behind in technology and equipment,and extensive development and utilization have led to deterioration of the watershed environment.Since the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period,in accordance with the requirements for strengthening the ecological civilization system,the jurisdiction of the Chishui River Basin government has actively taken measures to strengthen the ecological construction and environmental protection in the river basin.Taking Guizhou as an example,the "Regulations on the Protection of the Chishui River Valley in Guizhou Province" have been successively formulated.And related documents such as “ Zishhui River Basin Environmental Protection Planning(2013-2020)” in Guizhou Province.The quality of the environment has also gradually improved.In general,compared with the end of 2014,water quality has increased from Category 3 to Category 2 and has improved one category.Individual indicators have reached Category I standards.However,there is still pollution in the Chishui River in Guizhou,such as the illegal discharge of pollutants from the factories around the Chishui River,the breweries' wastewater discharged from the wine-producing enterprises around the Chishui River,waste residues,and sewage,and the violations of the small-scale breweries surrounding the Chishui River residents are illegal.Sewage.Residents of township and township residents in the vicinity of the Chishui River Basin wastes,residents around the Chishui River use pesticides unreasonably to prevent crops from being destroyed,fertilize crops,fertilize crops,and use organic fertilizers and general fertilizers.Unreasonable,unsuitable and improper use of used plastic film,waste generated fromthe relatively small livestock and poultry breeding industry around the Chishui River,and waste generated during the reinforcement of the Chishui River embankment.These pollution behaviors are gradually causing a two-way impact on the Chishui River water environment quality and breweries,and analyzing the pollution status and pollution sources of the Chishui River in Guizhou.The third chapter mainly analyzes the main relevant legislation of the Guizhou Province on the pollution prevention and control of the Chishui River,especially the Chishui River,and combines the information collected by the author,the literature,etc.,with the protection of the “ Chishui River Basin Regulations of Guizhou Province”.The relevant laws on water pollution,especially the basic system,are interpreted.At the same time,the legal issues in the prevention and control of pollution in the Chishui River in Guizhou Province are emphatically analyzed,mainly in the prevention and control of pollution in the Chishui River.There is not enough environmental law enforcement at the county level around the Chishui River.As new sources of pollution continue to emerge,some deadlines will govern enterprises.Delayed completion of governance tasks will result in inefficient management and many environmental violations will not be corrected and handled.Although some environmental violation cases were investigated and dealt with by relevant environmental protection agencies,the punishment was not realized.Environmental law enforcement agencies should not fine their fines for non-compliance with environmental violations.Although some law enforcement steps go according to procedures,they will not receive sewage charges at a later stage,which will lead to great difficulty in the collection of sewage charges.Cases of environmental violations that are enforced by the court have not been implemented for a long time.The fourth chapter mainly proposes feasible legal countermeasures for the prevention of water pollution in Chishui River,Guizhou Province,and puts forward corresponding countermeasures from the aspects of legislation,law enforcement,judicature and civic awareness,etc.,mainly as follows: 1.According to the promulgation of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress in 2017 The "Water Pollution Prevention Law" and other laws and the existing pollutionproblems in the Chishui River are proposed to amend and improve the relevant parts of the Guizhou Chishui River Basin Protection Regulations promulgated in 2011.2.It is recommended to establish the "Control System for Water Pollution Prevention and Control of the Chishui River in Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan Provinces".Establish the joint prevention and control of the three provinces of Yunnan,Guizhou,and Sichuan,and promote the development and protection of the river basin.The upstream,downstream,left and right banks,and branches and tributaries shall be linked to jointly protect the green ecology of the Chishui River;and a common development platform and information sharing platform for the river basin shall be established.To establish a cross-regional law enforcement mechanism,Yun,Gui and Chuan jointly coordinate economic development and environmental protection work,ensure the safety of the water environment of dozens of nationally renowned wines such as Maotai and Shijiu,and earnestly strengthen the environment of the Chishui River Basin.Protection work.Establish a joint environmental law enforcement system of “ information interoperability,data sharing,and joint prevention and joint management” to jointly combat illegal cross-watershed environmental violations.3.It is proposed to establish the “Intra-Provincial Ecological Compensation System for the Chishui River in Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan Provinces ”,and the three provinces jointly strengthen the ecological protection and environmental governance of the Chishui River Basin.Actively drawing on the successful case of ecological compensation in Zhejiang Province,the Guizhou Provincial Government formulated the “Intra-Provincial Eco-compensation System for Yunnan,Guizhou and Sichuan Chishui Rivers”.The three provinces jointly strengthened the implementation of the ecological compensation system for the inter-provincial Chishui River.The compensation is compensated.Strengthen support for ecological environment construction such as returning farmland to forests in the Chishui River Basin,effectively strengthen the ecological compensation system for the inter-provincial provinces of Chishui River,achieve ecological and environmental governance in the three provinces,share information on economic development,and continuously improve the ecological environment in the Chishui River Basin..Through theanalysis and suggestions on the legal countermeasures for the prevention and control of the Chishui River pollution,the author hopes to contribute a meagre power to the prevention and control of the pollution of the Chishui River in Guizhou from the perspective of the law.This will have the opportunity to promote the further improvement and development of Guizhou's environmental law. |
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