| Urinary calculi is a common and frequently-occurring disease,there are about 70 ~ 80%calcium oxalate stones,so far calcium oxalate stones has not been effectively solve the high recurrence rate and complications,bring great pain to the patient.It has the vital significance to looking for effective treatment of calculus of Chinese herbal medicine.The crystals were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Fourier transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The growth process of calcium oxalate crystal was monitored by conductivity instrument.It suggests that the Antenoron Filiforme taproot extract could inhibit the crystallization of calcium oxalate monohydrate,Based on the causes of the formation of calcium oxalate stones,oxygen free radical damage is dominant factors in renal tubular epithelial cells,through the plant chemical qualitative identification experiment shows that Antenoron Filiforme taproot extraction containing polysaccharides,flavonoids and polyphenols can inhibit calcium oxalate stones of bioactive substances,so the paper also for Antenoron Filiforme polysaccharide,flavonoids and polyphenols,biological active substances extraction process optimization and oxidation resistance research,and the development of Antenoron Filiforme products.Get the following main conclusions:(1)Effect of Antenoron Filiforme Taproot Extract on the Growth of Calcium Oxalate Crystal in Urines.The results showed that the calcium oxalate monohydrate(COM)was the all phase in urines while calcium oxalate dehydrate(COD)crystal alone appeared in the Antenoron Filiforme taproot extract.The size of the COD crystals reduced apparently as the content of the Antenoron Filiforme taproot extract increased in water.It suggests that the Antenoron Filiforme taproot extract could inhibit the crystallization of calcium oxalate monohydrate,and the inhibiting ability increases along with the increase of the extract concentration.The growth process of calcium oxalate crystal was monitored by conductivity instrument,and it was found that the extraction liquid of Antenoron Filiforme taproot was mainly inhibiting the nucleation process of calciumoxalate crystals.(2)Using antenoron filiforme taproot as raw materil,the extraction of total flavonoids from antenoron filiforme taproot was studied by ethanol refluxing technology.On the basis of single factor experiment,the optimal process conditions were obtained by orthogonal experiment.The results showed that optimal conditions extraction were ethanol concentration 10%,temperature80 ?,time 2.0 h,liquid to solid ration 20:1(m L:g).Under the conditions,the maximum extraction efficiency of total flavonoids was 23.59 mg/g.(3)The polyphenols in taproot of Antenoron filiforme was extracted by ethanol reflux extraction,and the mathematical model between polyphenol extraction rate and temperature,ethanol concentration,liquid ratio,and time was established by response surface methodology.Through this model,the optimum extraction process parameters of polyphenols were determined,and their antioxidant capacity was evaluated by in vitro antioxidant assay.The results showed that the polyphenol extraction rate model had a good reliability,the optimized extraction conditions were extraction temperature of 83.7 ?,ethanol concentration of 43%,liquid to solid ratio of 30:1(m L:g)and extraction time 149 min.Under these conditions,the polyphenol extraction rate was90.07 mg/g for the first extraction,and two times extraction could be as high as 93.38 mg/g.Polyphenols in Antenoron filiforme taproot had strong DPPH· and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity,and their half inhibitory concentration(EC50)were 0.18 mg/m L and 0.03mg/m L,respectively.(4)The suitable extraction condition of polysaccharides from Antenoron Filiforme Taproot by ultrasonic-assisted and antioxidant activities of the extracts were investigated in the study.The influences of ultrasonic treatment time,liquid to solid ratio,the power of ultrasonic and extracting temperature by the single factor experiment.The the power of ultrasonic,liquid to solid ratio and ultrasonic treatment time were selected for the three-factor,three-lever Box-Behnken experimental design.Design Expect 8.0 software was employed to analyze the test data and the response surface method was applied to optimize the extraction conditions.Additionally,the scavenging effects of polysaccharides on free radicals such as DPPH· and ·OH were subsequently analyzed.The results suggested that optimum extracting conditions consisted of a the power of ultrasonic of180 W for 53 min and liquid to solid ratio of 37:1(m L:g).Under these conditions,the polysaccharides extraction rate was 35.32% for the first extraction,and there times extractioncould be as high as 43.92%.The sequence of factors that worked on the extraction rate of polysaccharides was as follows:liquid to solid ratio > the power of ultrasonic > ultrasonic treatment time.polysaccharides in Antenoron filiforme taproot had strong DPPH· and hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity,and their half inhibitory concentration(EC50)were 0.60 mg/m L and 0.46 mg/m L,respectively.(5)The best Antenoron Filiforme Medicated wine soaking technology for room temperature(25 ?)under the condition of soaking time 8 d,wine to solid ration 20:1(m L: g),Antenoron Filiforme Medicated wine soak out of polyphenol,polysaccharide and flavonoids content of three kinds of active substances were 64.43 mg,50.28 mg/g/g and 3.66 mg/g.Antenoron Filiforme Medicated wine has a certain inhibitory effect on calcium oxalate in urine.(6)Laozhao drinks formula for Antenoron Filiforme: 145 g Antenoron Filiforme samples(fresh),290 g laozhao,1080 m L water as solvent,and heating boiling extraction 2 h,final reoccupy 8% sucrose,2% citric acid for simple deployment,beverage has good taste,sweet and sour is appropriate,the sensory score is 87 points.The Laozhao drinks for Antenoron Filiforme can inhibit the growth of calcium oxalate crystals in urine. |
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