Copper-based Nanomaterials For Electrochemical Applications

The transition metal oxides nanomaterials have attracted a lot of attention due to their unique dimensions,physical and chemical properties,and the application prospects on the key components of micro/nanoscale devices.As one of the most common metal oxides,copper based oxide materials have many advantages,such as low energy band gap,low cost,low pollution,rich resources,and easy preparation of nano scale sizes of different morphologies.It has been used in many aspects,such as catalysis,sensing,energy storage and so on.In this work,Cu-based oxides nanostructures were prepared by different methods.The morphology,structure and its electrochemical properties were analyzed,aiming to explore the enhancement mechanism between structure and electrochemical properties.The main research contents are as follows:The specific Cu/CuO@MnO₂ nanostructure was synthesized on the surface of copper grid via electrochemical deposition and hydrothermal process.In this paper,the optimum ratio of CuO and MnO₂ was explored through different reaction time.The Cu/CuO@MnO₂ electrode with the best composite ratio showed high specific capacitance(177 mF cm^-2 at current density 0.5 mA cm^-2),good rate performance,and excellent cyclic stability?87.3%retention after 1000 cycles?.These findings suggest that the Cu/CuO@MnO₂ electrode is a promising candidate for excellent electrochemical capacitors.With the typical copper salt as the copper source,Cu?NO₃?₂ and NaOH ratio were used to control the morphology via dynamic process.All CuO electrodes showed current response to glucose in the process of oxidation.The self assembled CuO8 with petal-like nanostructure was an interesting material for its very high sensitivity for glucose and selectivity.Nafion/CuO8/GCE electrode showed an excellent sensitivity(2634.44?A cm^-2 mM^-1)in a wide linear range from 0.5 mM to 2.67 mM.The Nafion/CuO8/GCE electrode also showed excellent limit of detection?259 nM,S/N=3?,fast response time?1-2 s?,good reproducibility and long duration stability?14.8%loss after 15 days?.Cu-based hollow nanotubes were obtained by oxidizing KCu₇S₄ microwires.In the synthetic process,KCu₇S₄ microwires act as sacrificial template via the kirkendall effect.From the perspective of multidisciplinary cross,the controllable growth mechanism and electrochemical properties of copper based hollow nanotubes are studied.The best product for glucose sensor is the hollow copper oxide with 6 h reaction time.The electrode shows excellent sensitivity(541.757?A mM^-1),wide linear range?364?M to5.664 mM?,and strong anti-jamming.We also explored the performance of the optimal material as a supercapacitor electrode,which shows a high specific capacitance(under the current density of 0.25 A g^-1,the specific capacitance of 103.2 F g^-1),excellent rate performance and excellent cyclic stability?the retention is 155.56%after1000 cycles?.This paper mainly focuses on the exploration of the preparation methods of Cu based nano-oxides,and analyzes the relationship between nanostructures and electrochemical characteristics.In this paper,the multidimensional application of copper based oxides not only provide a reliable idea for metal oxide nanomaterials as energy storage device and glucose sensor,but also lay a good foundation for further exploration on multi-dimensional electrochemical application.