| In recent years,China's economy has developed rapidly and its international status has been continuously improved.The sense of responsibility as a world power has also been reflected.In particular,as the world's attention to the environment has gradually increased,China has taken the initiative to complete emission reduction tasks and establish an international image.Since the reform and opening up,China has gone through the road of environmental change for economics for 40 years,and has paid a serious waste of resources and environmental damage.As a result,environmental protection pressures have been continuously raised and resource constraints have intensified.China is faced with an urgent situation of transforming the development mode and improving the efficiency of resources and environment.In the "13th Five-Year Plan",China has upgraded the ecological environment civilization to a national strategy,and strived to make "blue sky and white clouds" anew normal.Since the first large-scale smog weather in China in 2013,the term "smog" has frequently appeared in people's lives,and smoggy weather has become a "frequent visitor" to winter in most parts of China.It is necessary to strategically control the haze,deeply explore the mechanism of the influence of smog pollution,and make a scientific evaluation of the treatment effect of the policy that has been introduced to the government.It is of great significance to win the battle against pollution.First of all,this paper deeply explored the causes of pollution from the perspective of socio-economic and geo-climatic factors by understanding the current status of smog pollution in China and combining the results of PM2.5 source analysis in typical cities.Secondly,taking the PM2.5 concentration and economic data of 278 prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2016 as the research samples,the spatial spillover effects and influence mechanism of smog pollution based on dynamic space panel model are combined with time,space and space-time,which explore the main influencing factors of smog pollution and lay the foundation for targeted mitigation.Thirdly,using the smog and economic data from 2009 to 2016,the propensity score matching-double difference method was used to test the effect of the policy implementation of the Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan issued by the State Council in 2013.And in order to prove the credibility of the results,parallel trend tests,robustness tests,and heterogeneity analyses were performed.Finally,using the mediation effect model to find the transmission mechanism of the policy implementation process using the provincial-level polluting enterprise data.The results showed that:(1)industrial production,coal combustion,motor vehicle exhaust emissions and dust emission were important sources of PM2.5 formation.In addition,from the perspective of social economy,the urban industrial structure was unreasonable and the mostly polluted secondary industry was the main factor;Geographical and climatic factors were also important factors affecting air pollution.Gale and rainfall were conducive to the dissipation of smog.Due to the special nature of smog control,the individual treatment of the region couldn't achieve the effect of treatment.(2)During the inspection period,the nature of smog pollution in China had a certain lag from the perspective of time,and pollution had a tendency to continue to occur;From the perspective of space,there was spatial correlation,and pollution between adjacent regions spreads and affects each other;From the perspective of time and space,it had the role of "warning effect" in time and space.The pollution level in the surrounding areas would have a certain warning effect on the local area,which would promote the prevention and control work in the region.(3)The previous environmental regulation policies might induce the near-term transfer between the polluting industries,and thus the contribution to the reduction had not achieved the expected results.Due to the scale effect of pollution,high population density would not lead to aggravation of smog;The government's energy conservation and emission reduction policies for the secondary industry have achieved initial results,but the guidance for technology research and development investment was insufficient,and investment had not been applied to the development of green technologies.(4)The effectiveness of the Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan was obvious.By 2016,the implementation of this policy had significantly reduced PM2.5,which was the focus of the three major economic belts of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta,by about 7.1%.The policy effects of the central,eastern and western regions were heterogeneous.Among them,the urban governance effect in the central and eastern regions was the most significant.(5)Since the implementation of the "Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan" policy,the environmental protection departments of various regions had achieved short-term remediation effects by reducing the production of heavy polluting enterprises,reducing the occurrence of haze from the source,but focusing on heavy polluting enterprises.The innovation incentive transmission is not significant.Based on the research results of this paper,the following three policy inspirations could be obtained:First,strengthen the joint prevention deeply and realize the overall "green" industrial structure and "clean" energy structure in the area of smog pollution accumulation.Secondly,strengthen green technology innovation and promote enterprises to actively develop green technologies from the source to clear the original source.Finally,dynamic roll adjustment of air pollution control policies and take the environmental protection tax as an opportunity to form apositive superposition effect of pollution reduction policies.The possible innovations of this paper are as follows:First,this paper expaned the time span of the smog data samples and solved the data loss and statistical caliber problems,which makes the research results more robust;Second,the dynamic spatial panel model is constructed using BCLSDV,and the estimator solved the endogenous problem existing in the model.Thirdly,the policy effect of the Air Pollution Prevention Action Plan was quantitatively evaluated by the propensity score matching-fold difference method,and identified its transmission mechanism. |
PDF Full Text Request