The Impact Of Narrow Environmental Taxation System On Corporate Emission

Over the past 40 years,China has made remarkable achievements in all aspects of economic and social life.,because of reform and opening up.However,the environment has paid a huge price for this.It is urgent to protect and improve the environment.In the 1980s and 1990s,developed countries troubled by environmental problems.They embarked on the path of protecting and improving the environment through tax means and achieved obvious results.China is in a critical period of economic restructuring and transformation,and tax reform is entering a new "life cycle".As a milestone in China's transition to the "green tax system",environmental tax has attracted much attention before its birth.The environmental protection tax is generally translated from the pollutant discharge fee,there is not much differences between the two,both are environmental taxes in narrow sense.Has China's narrow environmental tax system made an outstanding contribution to the reduction of pollution emissions in China over the past 36 years?In particular,from the perspective of micro enterprises,the source of pollution emissions,whether narrow environmental tax can motivate them to reduce pollution emissions?Answering these questions is of great significance to summarize the historical achievements of China's sewage charge and the improvement of China's environmental protection tax as well as China moving forword to the "green tax system".To this end,this paper first reviewed the relevant literature on environmental tax,mainly from the following three aspects:the classification of environmental tax and its effect on environmental protection,impacts of sewage charge and environmental tax on enterprise emission reduction and the direction of environmental protection tax reform,highlighting the advantages of environmental protection tax(including sewage charges)in governance and improvement of the environment.Then,it introduces the theory of public goods and externality,polluter pays principle and double dividend effect,which lays a theoretical foundation for studying the influence of narrow environmental tax system on enterprises' emission behavior.Thirdly,given that the research object of this paper is the key enterprises in Hunan province,the comprehensive overview of environmental pollution in Hunan province is described.Then it introduces the environmental tax systems of many developed countries in Asia Europe and the US.Developed countries have almost strict?complete and targeted environmental tax system,taxation objects are typical sources of pollution or non-renewable energy consumers,mainly from energy consumption,the preservation and use of unfriendly environmental products and the discharge of pollutants.With corresponding supporting measures,they are able to promote environmental protection and energy conservation while keeping the economic development.Finally,using the relevant data of key enterprises in Hunan province,a panel data model is constructed for empirical test.The empirical results show that,on the whole,China's narrow environmental tax,that is,the sewage charge before current environmental protection tax,in addition to a significant positive effect on the reduction of nitrogen oxides,there is no other obvious incentive for the company to reduce the emission reduction.This paper believes that China's?environmental protection tax system needs to be further improved,and puts forward the following suggestions:develop the penalty provisions for excessive emissions,further strengthen the rigidity of policy;adjust and supplement China's environmental tax system;apply "special treatments"to China's advantageous industries as well as the country is in urgent need of vigorously developing industries or projects.