Research On Alternative Svstem Of Environmental Impact Assessment For Construction Projects

Since the "Environmental Protection Law(Trial)" adopted by China in 1979,the environmental impact assessment system for construction projects has been established.Along with the further development and improvement of the system,the absence of the alternative program system has become a major flaw in China’s environmental impact assessment system.In many countries or regions,the EIA legislation has adopted the alternative system as an important part of the EIA system.At the beginning of the legislation of the Environmental Impact Assessment Law,China also tried to put the alternative system into the draft legislation,but there are some opinions thinking that the alternative is “hard to do and not necessary”.Eventually,China’s "EIA Law" abandoned the alternative program system,which led to the lack of a very important content in China’s EIA system,brought difficulties to the practice of China’s EIA.After the implementation of China’s "EIA",the problem of illegal environmental assessment of construction projects remains high,mainly because China has not established an alternative system in the EIA Law.In an effective environmental assessment system,the alternative system is an indispensable link.First,the alternative system can better implement environmental risk prevention principles and help to eliminate environmental risks at the source.Second,the alternative program system can avoid the multiple EIA chaos and formalism that emerged in the EIA process of China’s construction projects to a certain extent,so as to truly realize the basic functions of the EIA’s guidance on practical activities and value selection.Leading the alternative program system into China’s environmental assessment system could not only improve the content of the EIA system,but also give decision-makers the right to choose,which is conducive to the realization of the scientific and democratic decisionmaking of environmental decision-making.It is also conducive to ensuring the realization of the purpose of the EIA system.When the construction project has unpredictable risks,the reexamination of the alternatives would result in a faster solution.The most importantly,the establishment of an alternative system can reduce environmental costs effectively and reduce environmental risks.This paper starts with the basic concept of the EIA alternative scheme system,explores the origin of the alternative scheme system,and analyzes the function of the alternative scheme system in the EIA system.Secondly,as analyzing the lack of legislation in the alternative system under the current conditions in China,problems existing in the process of construction project EIA,and based on China’s current EIA system and practice status,as it is feasible to demonstrate the establishment of an alternative EIA system for construction projects in China.Thirdly,as comparing and analyzing the relevant legislation of alternative countries in other countries and regions,based on the relevant experience,combined with the implementation status of China’s environmental assessment system,it proposes the establishment of alternative standards for the construction project EIA unit and the selection of environmental authorities.The standard proposes to establish legislative proposals for the environmental protection evaluation system of China’s construction projects,with a view of promoting the improvement of China’s environmental assessment system.