Research Of The Ecological Restoration Of Destroyed Mountains In Provincial Forest Park Of Mountain Ming In Zhijiang County

Implementing ecological restoration on destroyed mountains by artificial auxiliary methods is called the ecological restoration of destroyed mountains.The damage of mountains may cause a series of geological problems like landslide,which result in the collapse of the damaged ecological system and influence the aesthetic of the whole mountain.Therefore,aiming to maintain the balance of the ecological system,it is supposed to take some interventions to renovate the destroyed mountains.In this paper,we take the Mountain Ming Forest Park in Zhijiang County as the test area,implementing the restoration measures and evaluate the degree of the renovation.The first step is investigating the present situation of the destroyed mountains and get the remote sensing map,altitude data and the status of vegetation,which are used to analyze the cause of the damage and its influence and feature.Secondly,summing up the literature about ecological restoration to learn the characteristic of different kinds of ecological restoration methods.Lastly,selecting several methods to apply to the destroyed mountains.Vegetation blanket,external-soil spray seeding,planting bag,scenery and bamboo forest scenery restoration methods are applied.Depending on different site type and renovation type and comparing with native slope vegetation,21 samples are studied in total,with each method 3 samples.Investigating factors include nature factor,vegetation factor and human factor.Nature factor includes slope,slope aspect,altitude and soil thickness.Vegetation factor includes green period,multiple coverage,degree of aggregation,Simpson coefficient,comprehensive resistance and intercepted rainfall.Human factor includes maintenance management level,landscape gracefulness and Pearson correlation coefficient.According to these factors and investigation data,we implement K-Means clustering and hierarchical clustering analysis and evaluate the results,and summarize the following conclusions:(1)The present damage situation of Mountain Ming Forest Park in Zhijiang County:according to soil erosion modulus,we can predict that the damage degree of 61.1%of the destroyed mountains is slight,16.7%is moderate,and 5%is strength.According to the status of the vegetation degradation,the degradation area of the vegetation is about 10.7095 hectare,including 14%arbor,18%shrub and 68%herbaceous.In addition,the biodiversity decreases obviously,some even reduces to zero.Therefore,the present status of the destroyed mountains is not optimistic and needs ecological restoration immediately.(2)The comparison of the results of different restoration methods:According to the growth status of arbor-shrub-grass,the repair result of vegetation blanket methods is the worst.Comparing the two spray seeding methods,the spray net seeding method performs better.Among different sample areas implementing planting bag restoration method,the sample IVB whose dominant specie is river locust has a better growth status than the sample IVc whose dominant specie is lespedeza.Among different sample areas implementing scenery restoration method,the sample VC whose dominant specie is acacia has a better growth status than the sample VA whose dominant specie is photinia fraseri.The growth status and survival rate of pioneers like acacia are higher than camphor and rhus chinensis.As to the feature of species community composition,the plants after ecological restoration are mainly shrub.Among all the sample plots,there are 46 families and 24 genus,and these plants mainly belong to Leguminous,Gramineae and Composite.The similarities of each renovation mode's living structure and comparative natural forest land are as follows:scenery renovation mode>planting bag renovation mode>net covering plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode>plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode>bamboo forest renovation mode>vegetation blanket renovation mode.The multiple coverage of different renovation modes are as follows:scenery renovation mode = bamboo forest renovation mode>planting bag renovation mode>net covering plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode>plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode>vegetation blanket renovation mode.According to the biodiversity coefficient analysis,the biodiversity coefficient of scenery renovation mode is maximum,the biodiversity coefficient of vegetation blanket renovation mode is minimum,the order is:scenery renovation mode>planting bag renovation mode>bamboo forest renovation mode>net covering plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode>plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode>vegetation blanket renovation mode.(3)First of all,Building the evaluation model of the Mountain Ming Forest Park in Zhijiang County based on nature factor,vegetation factor and human factor.Secondly,analyze the correlation degree between each factor.Lastly,using K-Means clustering and hierarchical clustering methods to evaluate the renovation result based on 12 factors.Including slope,slope aspect,altitude,soil thickness,green period,multiple coverage,Simpson coefficient,degree of aggregation,comprehensive resistance,intercepted rainfall,management and maintenance level and landscape gracefulness.In result,the comprehensive evaluation score of 6 renovation mode is given.Among these scores,the highest score using K-Means clustering analysis is got by the bamboo forest scenery renovation mode,which is 2.The order from high to low is:bamboo forest renovation mode,scenery renovation mode,vegetation blanket renovation mode,plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode,net covering plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode,planting bag renovation mode.The lowest is 4.7.In addition,the order of the scores using hierarchical clustering analysis from high to low is:bamboo forest renovation mode,scenery renovation mode,planting bag renovation mode,net covering plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode,plastic mulched external-soil spray seeding renovation mode,vegetation blanket renovation mode.The lowest is 4.3.Considering the investigation in the sample area,the evaluation of the hierarchical clustering method is more trustworthy than that of K-Means clustering.