Pollution Of Systhetic Musk Compounds In Environmental Media And Aquatic Organisms In Hefei

Synthetic musk compounds(SMCs)are widely used in daily necessities and personal care products such as cosmetics due to its excellent properties.Besides,SMCs as additives are also applied in edible essence,tobacco and herbicides.It was found that most of the SMCs with endocrine disrupting effect,genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity which have greatly potential harm to organisms and human.SMCs with different concentrations have been detected in atmosphere,soil,sediment,organisms even human body since its wide production and application.In this study,the road dust samples from typical areas in Hefei,the sediment samples from Chaohu Lake and into-lake rivers,and aquatic biological samples from Chaohu Lake were collected for investigating their pollution characteristics;the distribution and potential source of SMCs in dust and sediment samples were analyzed;the health risk of dust-source SMCs on human under exposure condition and the potential hazard of sediment-source SMCs on ecological environment were evaluated;the pollution levels and tissue distribution of SMCs in aquatic organisms were further studied to understand the bioconcentration and potential ecological risks of aquatic organisms.The pollution characteristics of SMCs in road dust samples were studied and the assessment related to human health risk was carried out.The results showed that the total concentration of six SMCs in dust samples was 2.17?4.48 ng·g-1.AHTN and HHCB were the most significant pollutants in dust-source SMCs,which may be derived from the production and use of cosmetics and daily care products.The health risks of six SMCs were assessed through daily human intake.It was indicated that AHTN with the largest daily human intake among six SMCs.However,the daily human intake of AHTN in this study was much lower than previous studies,its health risks to humans are minimal.The pollution characteristics and ecological risks of SMCs in sediment samples were analyzed.The results showed that the total concentration of six SMCs in sediment samples was 2.43?15.3 ng·g-1.HHCB and AHTN were the major components of SMCs in sediments.The results associated with analysis of pollution sources shows that SMCs in Chaohu Lake and into-lake rivers were mainly diffused from the production and use of cosmetics and care products.The ecological risks were further assessed in accordance with the calculated risk quotient(RQ).The results showed that HHCB and AHTN have no ecological risks to algae,daphnia magna and fish.The accumulation of SMCs in aquatic organisms in Chaohu Lake was studied,and all six SMCs were detected.The average concentration of individual compound was 0.43-152 ng·g-1 Iw.HHCB and AHTN were accounted for the highest concentration among six SMCs.Wha's more,the SMCs pollution in fish was higher than that in shrimp.The concentrations of SMCs in different diet fish were carnivorous fish,omnivorous fish and filter-feeding fish in high-to-low sequence.It was indicated that the SMCs enrichment capacity of aquatic organisms would be affected by species difference and feeding habits.The bio-sink-enrichment factor value of the most SMCs were greater than 1.7,indicating the prior prone of SMCs enrichment in organisms.Although the trophic bioamplification factors of six SMCs were all greater than 1,they are not significant,and whether the bioamplification of SMCs will occur along with the food web needs to be further explored.The human health risks of edible flesh were evaluated on the basis of SMCs pollution in fish.The result showed that SMCs in Chaohu fish had almost no risks on human health.The total concentration of SMCs in tissues of Richardson(Elopichthys bambusa),Black Carp(Mylopharyngodon piceus),fish(Channa argus),carp(Cyprinus carpio)and Topmouth culter(Culter alburnus Basilewsky)were liver,muscle,sputum in high-to-low sequence.The concentrations of AHTN,HHCB and DPMI were the highest in the liver.HHCB,AHTN and DPMI had the highest concentration in meat.HHCB and AHTN were easily prone to be enriched in sputum.It was indicated that the liver has a strong enrichment ability for SMCs through calculating the accumulation rate of SMCs in liver.SMCs could cross membranes into capillary network of fish,and then were transferred to the whole body.