Construction And Verification Of Air Particulate Matter Emission Inventory Of Wind Erosion Source In Southern Margin Of Xinjiang Based On PMEI-WES Model

The source of wind erosion is one of the sources of atmospheric particulates,which has far-reaching effects in various aspects such as air pollution and desertification.The ecological environment in the southern margin of Xinjiang is extremely fragile,which makes the area the hardest hit area for wind erosion.In recent years,the average annual concentration of PM10 and PM2.5 in the region has consistently ranked among the top in the country.Of the top five cities in the 2016 CHINA STATISTICAL YEARBOOK ON ENVIRONMENT,three are located in the southern margin of Xinjiang.At present,there is an urgent need to quantitatively study the impact of air quality by wind erosion on the southern margin of Xinjiang,and it is particularly important to construct the emission inventory of the wind erosion in the region.Based on the"bottom-up" approach,this paper builds the emission inventory of the wind erosion for atmospheric particulates in the southern margin of Xinjiang in 2016,and the results were compared with the actual monitoring data of wind erosion monitoring system instruments:(1)This paper is based on the existing research results,using Visual Studio 2010.Intel.Visual.Fortran.Composer.XE.2011 and JetBrains PyCharm Community Edition 2017.2 as the development platform,C#4.0?Fortran 95 and Python3.5 as the programming language,and selected pandas,pyinstaller,pyshp,xml.etree.ElementTree,datetime and multiprocessing tools,based on the principle of wind erosion to construct The Emission Inventory of Particulate Matter-Wind Erosion System(PMEI-WES),which is suitable for the southern margin of Xinjiang.This system is involved in the construction of data management module,the construction of business information processing module and the construction of human-computer interaction interface,This system is achieved the spatial analysis;parallel computing,results display and other functions.(2)In the process of constructing the emission inventory,the required parameter data is localized including soil data(calcium carbonate equivalent,organic matter,soil pH and cation exchange capacity),and meteorological data(wind speed,wind direction,precipitation,maximum precipitation duration,rainfall duration,maximum and minimum temperature,solar radiation and dew point temperature),the parameters of blocks were localized(elevation,latitude and longitude,boundary of study area,etc.)and surface vegetation information.Localization of wind,meteorological,soil,and management database files.In the study,The southern margin of Xinjiang was divided into blocks whose spatial resolution was 10km×10km,the dust-free blocks such as water were removed,and 9757 dusting grids were selected finally.Based on the PMEI-WES model,the emission inventory of the wind erosion for atmospheric particulates in the southern margin of Xinjiang was established.The time resolution is monthly and the spatial resolution is 10km×10km.Finally,the average loss of PM10 and the average loss of PM2.5 caused by wind erosion in 2016 are obtained.Last,this result was compared with the result of the erosion monitoring system.(3)After analyzing the results of PM10 fluxes and PM2.5 fluxes in the simulation of the southern margin of Xinjiang in 2016,it can be seen that the fluxes per unit area of PM10 is Kezhou>Kashi>Hetian>Akesu>Bazhou,and the maximum fluxes of PM2.5 is in Kashi,followed by Akesu and Hetian,and the least is in Bazhou.The area with the largest total loss of wind erosion PM10 is in Bazhou,and the largest total loss of PM2.5 is in Hetian area.The total soil emission and the loss per unit area of wind erosion in the southern margin of Xinjiang in different seasons are spring>summer>winter>autumn.In the southern margin of Xinjiang,the peak of PM10 fluxes and PM2.5 fluxes appeared in May,followed by March,April,July,and June,and the smallest fluxes in the December.,The total fluxes of PM10 and PM2.5 and fluxes per unit area show the same trend:the fluxes in non-heating period is higher than the fluxes in heating period in the southern margin of Xinjiang in 2016.