Study On The Legal System Of Prevention And Control Of Non-point Source Pollution In Rural China

Rural environmental protection work in China started in the 1980 s,the rural environmental protection in recent years has made some progress,but our country rural ecological status is still grim,common problems of the rural environmental pollution,pollution of agricultural production and rural life,industrial pollution and waste are transferred abroad,which are intertwined with various new and old rural pollution.The prominent manifestation of rural environmental problems is the aggravation of non-point source pollution,that is,the massive loss of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes the pollution of water and soil.Pollution of livestock,poultry and aquaculture;Village and town enterprises are free to discharge pollutants;Most of the untreated sewage and garbage are dumped,discarded and discharged randomly.Toxic and harmful substance pollution in rural drinking water sources.The biggest harm of rural non-point source pollution is the water environment pollution brought by it,which also brings huge harm to soil,agricultural products and the health of rural residents,and will seriously affect the sustainable development of China's rural areas.In addition,the non-point source pollution in rural areas is far more serious than urban pollution and industrial point source pollution.Over the years,scholars in various fields have studied from the aspects of governance technologies,methods and systems,but the situation of rural non-point source pollution has not been effectively controlled.In this paper,from the aspect of legal system construction of rural non-point source pollution,using the method of literature research to understand China's rural non-point source pollution prevention and control of construction situation of the legal system and legal system of rural non-point source pollution control practices abroad,at present our country rural non-point source pollution prevention law system referring to environmental legislation system,lack of systematicness and operability,there is no specific legislation and perfect the supervision mechanism.Relative to the domestic legal system for the prevention and control of rural non-point source pollution,Europe and the United States and other developed countries of rural non-point source pollution control more meticulous,and strong operability,environmental monitoring mechanism and other environmental management system is reasonable,therefore,foreign legal system of rural non-point source pollution control in the system construction and law enforcement and other supportingpolicy has many place worthy of learning.Based on the analysis of the current situation and deficiency of the legal system for the prevention and control of non-point source pollution in rural areas in China and the comparison of the practice of system construction abroad,this paper argues that the legal system for the prevention and control of non-point source pollution in rural areas in China should be improved from two aspects: the legal system and the legal system.In the aspect of legal system,establish the rural non-point source pollution prevention and control of legal system,also should consider the regional difference of rural non-point source pollution,local special legislation for rural non-point source pollution,the second is within the rural non-point source pollution prevention law system,define environmental monitoring responsibility of the township government and the villagers committee of environmental legal liability,finally,the legal system in the rural non-point source pollution prevention in refining polluters of the legal responsibility.At the legal system level,we will improve the rural public participation system,the rural non-point source pollution prevention and control economic incentive system and the rural environmental legal aid relief system.